SSM异常处理情况之@Autowired自动装配空指针异常。

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-24 21:19:15 发布

凝望星海

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-24 21:19:15 发布

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分类专栏： SSM框架

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@Autowired自动装配空指针异常。

我造成这点的原因是因为，没有启用监听。

测试代码：

Controll层:

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/User")
public class UserControll {
	private static Logger log=LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserControll.class);
	@Autowired
	private UserService userService;
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/test",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String test(HttpServletRequest request,Model model){
		
		if(userService==null){
			System.out.println("us is null");
		}else{
			System.out.println("us is not null");
		}
		
		userService.testService();
		
		model.addAttribute("sus","完成");
		return "index2";
	}
}

Service层

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
	@Override
	public void testService() {
		if(userDao==null){
			System.out.println("ud is null");
		}else{
			System.out.println("ud is not null");
		}
		
	}
}

以及Dao层

@Repository
public interface UserDao {
	void Test();
}

@Service,@Controll,@Repository一定要标注。否则是不会生成bean的。

关键配置

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">  
    <!-- 扩充了注解驱动，可以将请求参数绑定到控制器参数 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
        <!-- 自动扫描该包，使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->  
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jbit.controll" />  
    <!-- 静态资源处理  css js imgs -->
    <mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>
    
    <!--避免IE执行AJAX时，返回JSON出现下载文件 -->  
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"  
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">  
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">  
            <list>  
                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->  
    <bean  
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">  
        <property name="messageConverters">  
            <list>  
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- 配置文件上传，如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置，当然如果不配，那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->  
    <bean id="multipartResolver"    
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">    
        <!-- 默认编码 -->  
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />    
        <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />    
        <!-- 内存中的最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />    
        <!-- 启用是为了推迟文件解析，以便捕获文件大小异常 -->
        <property name="resolveLazily" value="true"/>
    </bean>   
    
    <!-- 配置ViewResolver 。可用多个ViewResolver 。使用order属性排序。   InternalResourceViewResolver 放在最后-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
    <property name="order" value="1"></property>
        <property name="mediaTypes">
            <map>
                <!-- 告诉视图解析器，返回的类型为json格式 -->
                <entry key="json" value="application/json" />
                <entry key="xml" value="application/xml" />
                <entry key="htm" value="text/htm" />
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="defaultViews">
            <list>
                <!-- ModelAndView里的数据变成JSON -->
                <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJacksonJsonView" />
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="true"></property>
    </bean>
    
   <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置-->  
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
        <!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀，变成一个 可用的url地址 -->  
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />  
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  
    </bean>  
</beans>

spring-mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">  
    <!-- 自动扫描 -->  
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jbit" />  
   
    <!-- 引入配置文件 -->  
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer"  
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
        <property name="location" value="classpath:properties/jdbc.properties" />  
    </bean>  
  
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"  
        destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />  
        <property name="url" value="${url}" />  
        <property name="username" value="${username}" />  
        <property name="password" value="${password}" />  
        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>  
        <!-- 连接池最大数量 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>  
        <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->  
        <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>  
        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>  
        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->  
        <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->  
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->  
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"></property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->  
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">  
        <property name="basePackage" value="cn.jbit.dao" />  
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 
    	  <context:component-scan base-package="cn.bdqn.service"></context:component-scan>
     -->
    <!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
    </bean>  
  
</beans>

<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.jbit.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean> 配置这个是自动帮你实现Dao接口，比如UserDao自动帮你实现后的类的bean名是userDao

这样使用自动装配的时候只需要将接口名大小，依赖注入属性首字母小写就可以搜索的到了。

另外自动扫描也不要忘了配置否则也是找不到注解类的。找不到注解类就不会自动装配。

Web.xml正确配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
    version="3.0">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
      <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->  
 <context-param>  
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
        <param-value>classpath:Spring-Config/spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>  
    </context-param>  
   
      <!-- Spring监听器 --> 
 
       <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener> 

 
    <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
 
      <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
     
   

    
 <!-- 编码过滤器 --> 
   <filter>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
    </filter>  
     <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping> 
    
     
    <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
     <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>classpath:Spring-Config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
    </servlet>  
     <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>  
        <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do，对应struts的后缀习惯 -->  
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>
        <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>/test2.jsp</welcome-file>  
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

监听一定要开启不然就和我包错一样。如果不开启监听系统是不会帮你注册bean的。我们看看监听的含义