【微技能】为GitHub配置SSH

缘由：使用https的方式 ，每次又要输入密码，很繁琐，就想着使用SSH的方式了，减少输入密码的时间。
由于我是使用了一段时间HTTPs方式后， 才转变成SSH的所以配置过程中采了不少坑。

官方给出的，个人感觉不是太好，太啰嗦，又抓不住重点，适合一开始就这样做

主要又三大步：

第一步是获得SSH值

如果是第一次，需要配置邮箱和密码

  $ git config --global user.name "humingx"
    $ git config --global user.email "humingx@yeah.net"

我直接用下列命令获取

 ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "邮箱地址@qq.com"

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/c/Users/a1104/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory ‘/c/Users/a1104/.ssh’.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): //密码直接设置为空，回车
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /c/Users/a1104/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /c/Users/a1104/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:

---

ls -al ~/.ssh
//查看是否获得SSH，

total 25
drwxr-xr-x 1 a1104 *** 0 1月 21 20:29 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 a1104 ** 0 1月 21 20:28 …/
-rw-r–r-- 1 a1104 ** 1月 21 20:29 id_rsa
-rw-r–r-- 1 a1104 ** 743 1月 21 20:29 id_rsa.pub

第二步是启动本地的SSH值

start the ssh-agent in the background
//启动

此时出现错误

/usr/bin/start: line 8: cmd: command not found

错误的原因，见这个链接：error

ssh-agent

SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-jW**; export SSH_AUTH_SOCK;
SSH_AGENT_PID=150**; export SSH_AGENT_PID;
echo Agent pid 150**;

ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

提示错误： Could not open a connection to your authentication agent.

运行 eval $(ssh-agent)

Agent pid 13**

 ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

出现下面提示：

Identity added: /c/Users/a1104/.ssh/id_rsa (/c/Users/a1104/.ssh/id_rsa)

下面是尝试运行了以下语句(这一部分，我没有理解，只是按着别人给的操作方法做的)：

$ start the ssh-agent in the background’
/usr/bin/start: line 8: cmd: command not found
$ echo off
off

$ evalssh-agent -s`

Agent pid 1507**

`

ssh-add
Identity added: /c/Users/a1104/.ssh/id_rsa (/c/Users/a1104/.ssh/id_rsa)

$ start the ssh-agent in the background
/usr/bin/start: line 8: cmd: command not found

$ clip < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
bash: clip: command not found

第三步配置

出现错误提示：

Could not open a connection to your authentication agent.
解决方案

Your shell is meant to evaluate that shell code output by ssh-agent. Run this instead:

eval "$(ssh-agent)" Or if you’ve started ssh-agent already, copy paste
it to your shell prompt (assuming you’re running a Bourne-like shell).

ssh commands need to know how to talk to the ssh-agent, they know that
from the SSH_AUTH_SOCK environment variable.

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

检测：ssh -T git@github.com

Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '******' to the list of known hosts.
Hi ***li! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.

出现了 successfully 后当你运行 git push 时还是提示

Username for ‘https://github.com’:
是不是很崩溃？这是因为这时git还时按照之前设定的HTTPS的模式在运行，所以要更换HTTPs模式为ssh模式。

是不是很崩溃？这是因为这时git还时按照之前设定的HTTPS的模式在运行，所以要更换HTTPs模式为ssh模式。

最后放大招：(最后一步)
更换Https模式到SSH模式-教程

git remote remove origin
// 移去当前的HTTPS模式下的origin

git remote add origin git@github.com:zengquanli/Android_WebCon_text.git
//加入 SSH 模式

使用上文中的操作出现错误：

git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/master master

error: the requested upstream branch ‘origin/master’ does not exist
hint:
hint: If you are planning on basing your work on an upstream
hint: branch that already exists at the remote, you may need to
hint: run “git fetch” to retrieve it.
hint:
hint: If you are planning to push out a new local branch that
hint: will track its remote counterpart, you may want to use
hint: “git push -u” to set the upstream config as you push.

根据提示信息：

git push -u origin master
//这儿的origin好像是本地分支，master是远程分支

//提示：
Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '***' to the list of known hosts.
Everything up-to-date
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.

测试一下：

git add .

> warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in .idea/vcs.xml.
>The file will have its original line endings in your working directory.

git commit -m "text ssh"
>[master 562d1f5] text ssh
> 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+)
 >create mode 100644 .idea/vcs.xml

git push
> Enumerating objects: 18, done.
>Counting objects: 100% (18/18), done.
>Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
//成功,你需要密码了。

---

为其他fork的项目配置SSH

$ ls -al ~/.ssh
drwxr-xr-x 1 a1104 19760***
                       
$ start the ssh-agent in the background
/usr/bin/start: line 8: cmd: command not found

$ ssh-agent
SSH_AUTH_SOC***
SSH_AGENT_PID=22***; export SSH_AGENT_PID;
echo Agent**;


$ git remote remove origin


$ git remote add origin git@github.com:zengquanli/ud851-Exercises.git


$ git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/master master
fatal: branch 'master' does not exist


$ git push -u origin master
error: src refspec master does not match any.
error: failed to push some refs to 'git@github.com:zengquanli/ud851-Exe                   rcises.git'


$ git push -u origin student
Everything up-to-date
Branch 'student' set up to track remote branch 'student' from 'origin'.