输入挂（输入文件尾结束）

namespace IN
{
const int inBufferSize = 1<<25;
char inBuffer[inBufferSize];
char *inHead = NULL, *inTail = NULL;
inline char Getchar()
{
    if(inHead == inTail)
        inTail=(inHead=inBuffer)+fread(inBuffer, 1, inBufferSize, stdin);
    return *inHead++;
}
}
template <typename T>
inline void scan_ud(T &ret)
{
    char c = IN::Getchar();
    ret = 0;
    while (c < '0' || c > '9') c = IN::Getchar();
    while (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
        ret = ret * 10 + (c - '0'), c = IN::Getchar();
}