西电python：十进制数转换为十六进制数

对于字符串的转换，不使用python库的情况下，可利用先确定最高位，进而一次往下判断其余位数，例如271.先判断最高位位于十六进制第几位，再判断为多少，16*16=256，所以位于第三位，大小为1，进而判断下一位，271-256=15，位于第一位，所以为0x10f

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Nov 10 15:01:14 2020

@author: 11704
"""
def cishu(data):
    i = 0
    while True:
        if data < 16:
            return 0
            break
        if data <16**(i+1) and data >= 16**i:
            return  i
            break
        else:
            i += 1
            
def weishu(data1,n):
    i1 = 1
    while True:
        if data1 < 16:
            return data1
            break
        if data1 >= 16**n*i1 and data1 < 16**n*(i1+1):
            return i1
            break
        else:
            i1 += 1


def main():
    a = int(input())
    e = 0
    if a < 0:
        a = -a
        e=1
    b = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,'a','b','c','d','e','f']
    c = cishu(a)
    d = weishu(a,c)
    out = [0]*(c+1)
    str1 = ''
    while True:
        
        out[c] = b[d]
        a = a - 16**c*d
        
        if a == 0:
            break
        c = cishu(a)
        d = weishu(a,c)
    out.reverse()
    for i in range(len(out)):
        str1 = str1 + str(out[i])
    if e == 0:
        
        print('0x{}'.format(str1))      
    else:
        print('-0x{}'.format(str1))      
   
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    

另外一种简洁的方法：直接进行相除，a为需要进行转换的数，程序中b为输入的相应进制数。

def main():
    a,b = map(int,input().split())
    out = []
    stri = ''
    list1 = ['A','B','C','D','E','F']
    while True:
        out.append(a%b)
        if a%b == 0:
            a = int(a/b)
        else:
            a = int(a//b)
        if a == 0:
            break
            
    
    for i in out[::-1]:
        if i >= 10:
            i = list1[i-10]
        stri = stri + str(i)
    print(stri)
    
    

if  __name__=='__main__':
    main()