centos7的yum命令无法使用解决方案

---

centos7在2024年6月30日,生命周期结束,官方不再进行支持维护，官方的YUM源也下线了，下线的方式是使yum的域名不解析。所以现在需要配置国内的YUM源

问题

今天新建了个centos7的虚拟机发现yum无法正常使用

已加载插件：fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors Could not retrieve
mirrorlist
http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock
error was 14: curl#6 - “Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org;
未知的错误”

One of the configured repositories failed (未知), and yum doesn’t have
enough cached data to continue. At this point the only safe thing yum
can do is fail. There are a few ways to work “fix” this:

1. Contact the upstream for the repository and get them to fix the problem.

2. Reconfigure the baseurl/etc. for the repository, to point to a working
   upstream. This is most often useful if you are using a newer
   distribution release than is supported by the repository (and the
   packages for the previous distribution release still work).

3. Run the command with the repository temporarily disabled
   yum --disablerepo= …

4. Disable the repository permanently, so yum won’t use it by default. Yum
   will then just ignore the repository until you permanently enable it
   again or use --enablerepo for temporary usage:

   yum-config-manager --disable
   or
   subscription-manager repos --disable=

5. Configure the failing repository to be skipped, if it is unavailable.
   Note that yum will try to contact the repo. when it runs most commands,
   so will have to try and fail each time (and thus. yum will be be much
   slower). If it is a very temporary problem though, this is often a nice
   compromise:

   yum-config-manager --save --setopt=.skip_if_unavailable=true

Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: base/7/x86_64

---

排查流程

当出现这个问题后首先想到了网络问题

1.通过ip addr检查了一下网络接口发现没问题
2.resolv.conf中手动配置了一下DNS也无法解决
3.检查了一下虚拟机的网络设置也没问题
4.ip route检查路由表发现没问题
5.关了一下防火墙也无法解决问题

经过一系列网络的排查基本可以判断不是网络的问题，既然不是网络的问题那大概率就是yum源的问题于是我换了阿里和清华的镜像问题就解决了

解决方案

1. 打开CentOS-Base.repo

sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

2. 将CentOS-Base.repo里的内容全部替换为：

# CentOS-Base.repo  
#  
# 这里配置了CentOS的yum源，使用了阿里云和清华大学的镜像点。  
#  
  
[base]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/  
        http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
  
#released updates   
[updates]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/  
        http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
  
#additional packages that may be useful  
[extras]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/  
        http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
  
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages  
[centosplus]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/  
        http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
  
#contrib - packages by Centos Users  
[contrib]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib  
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/  
        http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0  
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  
  
# 使用failovermethod指定优先级，这里设置为随机（roundrobin），也可以改为priority并指定每个URL的优先级  
failovermethod=roundrobin

3. 清理YUM缓存并更新

sudo yum clean all

sudo yum makecache

sudo yum update

---

总结

之前也遇到过这种情况大多是网络的问题所以一开始以为和往常一样，排查半天发现网络没问题才开始怀疑是yum源的问题，总结下来经验固然重要但也不要被经验束缚。