根据中序和后序构造二叉树

来源：Python中，二叉树先序、中序、后序相互求法_DreamReverse的博客-CSDN博客_前序后序求中序python

第一步：输入中序：['c','b','d','a','f','e','g']；后序：['c','d','b','f','g','e','a']，判断后序列表是否为空？为空则结束二叉树的判断，否则从后序中获取根节点的值，并在中序中获取根节点的索引。将根节点后左孩子和右孩子分别存储在二叉树变量bt中。根节点可以直接存储，但是孩子可能是树不能直接存储需要进行判断，如果是树则需要进行树的解码，使用递归的方式进行。根节点1：a;左孩子1的中序是['c', 'b', 'd'],后序是['c', 'd', 'b']；右孩子1的中序是['f','e','g'],后序是['f','g','e']。输出bt1={"data":"a","left":待解析，"right":待解析}

第二步：对左孩子1进行二叉树的解析，根据中序和后序确定左孩子1的根节点和左右孩子。先判断左孩子1的后序是否为空，如果空则停止解析否则继续解析。同样的步骤，获取根节点以及左右孩子。根节点2：b；左孩子2：["c"],右孩子2:["d"]。输出bt2={"data":"b","left":待解析，"right":待解析}

第三步：然后继续进行解析左孩子2，判断后序不为空，其根节点：c,左右孩子为空返回。输出bt3={"data":"c","left":""，"right":""}

第四步：解析右孩子2，根节点为d，左右孩子为空返回。输出bt4={"data":"d","left":""，"right":""},到此左孩子1已经被解析完成输出bt1={"data":"a","left":{"data":"b","left":"c"，"right":"d"}，"right":待解析}

以同样的步骤解析右孩子，将会得到bt1={"data":"a","left":{"data":"b","left":"c"，"right":"d"}，"right":{"data":"e","left":"f"，"right":"g"}}

# This is a sample Python script.

# Press Shift+F10 to execute it or replace it with your code.
# Press Double Shift to search everywhere for classes, files, tool windows, actions, and settings.
from typing import List

import os

class BinaryTree(object):
    def __init__(self, data, left = None, right = None):
        self.data = data
        self.left = left
        self.right = right

def binary(last,center):
    if not last:
        return
    date = last[-1];#获取根节点
    index = center.index(date)#获取中序中根节点的索引
    bt = BinaryTree(date)#生成储存变量，根节点，左树和右树
    print("last[:index]",last[:index])
    print("center[:index]", center[:index])
    bt.left = binary(last[:index],center[:index])
    print("last[index:-1]", last[index:-1])
    print("center[index+1:]", center[index+1:])
    bt.right = binary(last[index:-1],center[index+1:])

    return bt

def showBinary(bt):
    if bt == None:
        return
    print(bt.data,end = " ")
    showBinary(bt.left)
    showBinary(bt.right)

def main():
    center = ['c','b','d','a','f','e','g']
    last = ['c','d','b','f','g','e','a']
    bt = binary(last,center)
    showBinary(bt)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()