perl基础学习1

$ cat example.pl 
#!/usr/bin/perl


#注释,perl的注释前面只要一个“#”即可


#多行注释
=pod
print "Hello world!\n";
=cut
#多行注释


print "\n+++++++++++++++++华丽的分割线+++++++++++++++++\n";
#perl的变量既可以是整形,也可以是浮点型,也可以是字符串等,my是局部变量的意思,字符串在perl里面可以直接用"."相加
my $var = 1;
print "整形变量:$var\n";
my $var = 1.1 + 2.2;
printf("浮点型并且小数点后精确到3位的变量:%0.3f\n", $var);
my $var = "Hello" . " world!\n";
print "字符串变量:" . $var;
#可以顺便留意上面print的各种用法,跟C相似但比C更灵活
print "\n+++++++++++++++++华丽的分割线+++++++++++++++++\n";


print "\n+++++++++++++++++华丽的分割线+++++++++++++++++\n";
#perl的数组,可以顺便了解foreach循环,内置$_变量,自加运算符,数组元素个数
print "foreach循环数组,注意$_变量的用法\n";
my @arr = (1,2,3);
foreach(@arr) {
        print "$_\n";
}
print "类似C一样的for循环,用起来比较low,但是容易记住\n";
my @arr = ("123", "45", "6789");
for (my $i = 0; $i < @arr; $i++) {
        print "$arr[$i]\n";
}
print "高档用法,不适用$_,用一些个性化的变量\n";
my @arr = (8, 9, 10);
foreach $line (@arr) {
        print "$line\n";
}
print "\n+++++++++++++++++华丽的分割线+++++++++++++++++\n";