K8S 部署peometheus + grafana 监控

安装说明

如果有下载不下来的docker镜像可以私信我免费下载。
系统版本为 Centos7.9
内核版本为 6.3.5-1.el7
K8S版本为 v1.26.14
动态存储：部署文档
GitHub地址

下载yaml 文件

## 因为我的K8S 版本比较新，我下载的是当前的最新版本，你的要是老版本K8集群最好看一下那个版本是支持你的集群的。
git clone -b release-0.13 https://github.com/prometheus-operator/kube-prometheus.git

安装operator

cd ./kube-prometheus-release-0.13/manifests/setup
kubectl create -f ./

cd /root/kube-prometheus-release-0.13/manifests
kubectl create -f ./

注意事项

默认的 yaml 文件里面有网络隔离配置，配置文件名字如下

[root@master01 manifests]#ls *networkPolicy.yaml
alertmanager-networkPolicy.yaml      grafana-networkPolicy.yaml           nodeExporter-networkPolicy.yaml       prometheus-networkPolicy.yaml
blackboxExporter-networkPolicy.yaml  kubeStateMetrics-networkPolicy.yaml  prometheusAdapter-networkPolicy.yaml  prometheusOperator-networkPolicy.yaml

正常按照默认的部署是不能访问这个监控的，需要修改配置，
举例：以 grafana-networkPolicy.yaml 配置文件为例（ingress-nginx 方式暴露服务，所以添加ingress-nginx 命名空间的pod允许访问Grafana即可。）

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/component: grafana
    app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 11.1.0
  name: grafana
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  egress:
  - {}
  ingress:
  - from:
    - podSelector:
        matchLabels:
          app.kubernetes.io/name: prometheus
    - namespaceSelector: ## 添加允许访问策略
        matchLabels:
          name: ingress-nginx
    ports:
    - port: 3000
      protocol: TCP
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/component: grafana
      app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
  policyTypes:
  - Egress
  - Ingress

保存后重新部署，其他的网络隔离也是这样修改，此处不再一一举例。

kubectl replace -f grafana-networkPolicy.yaml

或者嫌麻烦可以直接删除 所有 networkPolicy

## 谨慎使用，当前命令会删除指定命名空间中所有networkPolicy 配置。
kubectl delete netpol -n monitoring --all

修改 prometheus-prometheus.yaml 文件

默认这个是没有持久化存储的并且prometheus 监控数据只能保存24小时，下面这个是我修改过的，修改监控数据保存时间，添加动态存储。

apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: Prometheus
metadata:
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/component: prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: k8s
    app.kubernetes.io/name: prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 2.46.0
  name: k8s
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  alerting:
    alertmanagers:
    - apiVersion: v2
      name: alertmanager-main
      namespace: monitoring
      port: web
  enableFeatures: []
  externalLabels: {}
  image: quay.io/prometheus/prometheus:v2.46.0
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: linux
  podMetadata:
    labels:
      app.kubernetes.io/component: prometheus
      app.kubernetes.io/instance: k8s
      app.kubernetes.io/name: prometheus
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
      app.kubernetes.io/version: 2.46.0
  podMonitorNamespaceSelector: {}
  podMonitorSelector: {}
  probeNamespaceSelector: {}
  probeSelector: {}
  replicas: 1
  resources:
    requests:
      memory: 1000Mi
  ruleNamespaceSelector: {}
  ruleSelector: {}
  securityContext:
    fsGroup: 2000
    runAsNonRoot: true
    runAsUser: 1000
  serviceAccountName: prometheus-k8s
  serviceMonitorNamespaceSelector: {}
  serviceMonitorSelector: {}
  ## 在这里添加持久化存储，我这里用的是动态存储。
  storage:
    volumeClaimTemplate:
      metadata:
        name: prometheus-k8s-db
      spec:
        accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
        storageClassName: rook-ceph-rbd
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 50Gi
## 修改默认保存的监控数据为180天
  retention: 180d   
  version: 2.46.0

修改好以后重新部署

添加 Prometheus Ingress访问

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: prometheus-ingress
  namespace: monitoring
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/component: prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: k8s
    app.kubernetes.io/name: prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 2.46.0
    operator.prometheus.io/mode: server
spec:
  ingressClassName: nginx
  rules:
  - host: prometheus.demo.cn
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          service:
            name: prometheus-k8s
            port:
              name: web
        path: /
        pathType: Prefix
  tls:
  - hosts:
    - prometheus.demo.cn
    secretName: prometheus.demo.cn

配置好host 直接用域名访问

查看prometheus Targets

没问题的话就继续。

metrics-server 服务异常

[root@master01 data]# kubectl top node
error: Metrics API not available

解决办法

部署 Grafana 监控面板

修改 Grafana yaml 文件 添加存储，默认的配置是没有存储的。

## 创建PVC存储给 Grafana 使用
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: grafana-data-pvc
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi
  storageClassName: rook-ceph-rbd
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/component: grafana
    app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 9.5.3
  name: grafana
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/component: grafana
      app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
  template:
    metadata:
      annotations:
        checksum/grafana-config: 5c598ba58d9b65011bdbb3864138399a
        checksum/grafana-dashboardproviders: c9c1743868aa1c3dab60d2c402e2dcf0
        checksum/grafana-datasources: 5ef0e6acaa5b4e8603740fbad440717d
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/component: grafana
        app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
        app.kubernetes.io/version: 9.5.3
    spec:
      automountServiceAccountToken: false
      containers:
      - env: []
        image: grafana/grafana:9.5.3
        name: grafana
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3000
          name: http
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /api/health
            port: http
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 200m
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        securityContext:
          allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
          capabilities:
            drop:
            - ALL
          readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
          seccompProfile:
            type: RuntimeDefault
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/grafana
          name: grafana-storage
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /etc/grafana/provisioning/datasources
          name: grafana-datasources
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /etc/grafana/provisioning/dashboards
          name: grafana-dashboards
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-plugins
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/alertmanager-overview
          name: grafana-dashboard-alertmanager-overview
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/apiserver
          name: grafana-dashboard-apiserver
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/cluster-total
          name: grafana-dashboard-cluster-total
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/controller-manager
          name: grafana-dashboard-controller-manager
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/grafana-overview
          name: grafana-dashboard-grafana-overview
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/k8s-resources-cluster
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-cluster
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/k8s-resources-multicluster
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-multicluster
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/k8s-resources-namespace
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-namespace
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/k8s-resources-node
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-node
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/k8s-resources-pod
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-pod
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/k8s-resources-workload
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workload
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/k8s-resources-workloads-namespace
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workloads-namespace
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/kubelet
          name: grafana-dashboard-kubelet
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/namespace-by-pod
          name: grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-pod
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/namespace-by-workload
          name: grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-workload
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/node-cluster-rsrc-use
          name: grafana-dashboard-node-cluster-rsrc-use
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/node-rsrc-use
          name: grafana-dashboard-node-rsrc-use
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/nodes-darwin
          name: grafana-dashboard-nodes-darwin
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/nodes
          name: grafana-dashboard-nodes
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/persistentvolumesusage
          name: grafana-dashboard-persistentvolumesusage
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/pod-total
          name: grafana-dashboard-pod-total
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/prometheus-remote-write
          name: grafana-dashboard-prometheus-remote-write
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/prometheus
          name: grafana-dashboard-prometheus
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/proxy
          name: grafana-dashboard-proxy
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/scheduler
          name: grafana-dashboard-scheduler
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /grafana-dashboard-definitions/0/workload-total
          name: grafana-dashboard-workload-total
          readOnly: false
        - mountPath: /etc/grafana
          name: grafana-config
          readOnly: false
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      securityContext:
        fsGroup: 65534
        runAsNonRoot: true
        runAsUser: 65534
      serviceAccountName: grafana
      volumes:
      ## 添加PVC存储
      - name: grafana-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: grafana-data-pvc
      - name: grafana-datasources
        secret:
          secretName: grafana-datasources
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboards
        name: grafana-dashboards
      - emptyDir:
          medium: Memory
        name: tmp-plugins
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-alertmanager-overview
        name: grafana-dashboard-alertmanager-overview
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-apiserver
        name: grafana-dashboard-apiserver
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-cluster-total
        name: grafana-dashboard-cluster-total
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-controller-manager
        name: grafana-dashboard-controller-manager
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-grafana-overview
        name: grafana-dashboard-grafana-overview
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-cluster
        name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-cluster
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-multicluster
        name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-multicluster
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-namespace
        name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-namespace
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-node
        name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-node
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-pod
        name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-pod
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workload
        name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workload
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workloads-namespace
        name: grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workloads-namespace
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-kubelet
        name: grafana-dashboard-kubelet
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-pod
        name: grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-pod
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-workload
        name: grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-workload
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-node-cluster-rsrc-use
        name: grafana-dashboard-node-cluster-rsrc-use
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-node-rsrc-use
        name: grafana-dashboard-node-rsrc-use
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-nodes-darwin
        name: grafana-dashboard-nodes-darwin
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-nodes
        name: grafana-dashboard-nodes
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-persistentvolumesusage
        name: grafana-dashboard-persistentvolumesusage
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-pod-total
        name: grafana-dashboard-pod-total
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-prometheus-remote-write
        name: grafana-dashboard-prometheus-remote-write
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-prometheus
        name: grafana-dashboard-prometheus
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-proxy
        name: grafana-dashboard-proxy
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-scheduler
        name: grafana-dashboard-scheduler
      - configMap:
          name: grafana-dashboard-workload-total
        name: grafana-dashboard-workload-total
      - name: grafana-config
        secret:
          secretName: grafana-config

修改好以后重新部署

添加 Grafana Ingress 访问

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: grafana-ingress
  namespace: monitoring
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/component: grafana
    app.kubernetes.io/name: grafana
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: kube-prometheus
    app.kubernetes.io/version: 9.5.3
spec:
  ingressClassName: nginx
  rules:
  - host: grafana.demo.cn
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          service:
            name: grafana
            port:
              number: 3000
        path: /
        pathType: Prefix
  tls:
  - hosts:
    - grafana.demo.cn
    secretName: grafana.demo.cn

查看 Grafana 页面

默认账号密码都是admin，首次登陆需要修改密码。部署好以后会有一个默认的配置比如已经添加好了数据源和Dashboard等。

到此全部部署完成，监控页面有些课鞥呢需要自己自定义配置这里就不再叙述了。