虚函数的由来（详解见注释）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//军队
class Troops{
public:
	virtual void fight(){ cout << "Strike back!" << endl; }
};

//陆军
class Army :public Troops{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "--Army is figthing!" << endl; }
};
//99A主战坦克
class _99A :public Army{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "----99A(Tank) is fighting!" << endl; }
};
//武直10武装直升机
class WZ_10 :public Army{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "----WZ-10(Helicopter) is fighting!" << endl; }
};
//长剑10巡航导弹
class CJ_10 :public Army{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "----CJ-10(Missile) is fighting!" << endl; }
};

//空军
class AirForce :public Troops{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "--AirForce is fighting!" << endl; }
};
//J-20隐形歼击机
class J_20 :public AirForce{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "----J-20(Fighter Plane) is fighting!" << endl; }
};
//CH5无人机
class CH_5 :public AirForce{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "----CH-5(UAV) is fighting!" << endl; }
};
//轰6k轰炸机
class H_6K :public AirForce{
public:
	void fight(){ cout << "----H-6K(Bomber) is fighting!" << endl; }
};

int main(){
	Troops *p = new Troops;
	p->fight();
	//陆军
	p = new Army;
	p ->fight();
	p = new _99A;
	p ->fight();
	p = new WZ_10;
	p ->fight();
	p = new CJ_10;
	p ->fight();
	//空军
	p = new AirForce;
	p->fight();
	p = new J_20;
	p->fight();
	p = new CH_5;
	p->fight();
	p = new H_6K;
	p->fight();

	return 0;
}

/*
虚函数的由来
基类指针可以指向基类成员变量和成员函数
基类指针指向派生类时
只能指向派生类的成员变量，而不能指向其成员函数
除非在基类和派生类有一个同名函数，该函数被声明为虚函数，那么基类指针就能指向派生类成员函数
注：virtural关键字只需在声明时加上，而且基类某函数被声明为虚函数，那么所有派生类的所有同名函数都是虚函数
*/