PAT 1130 Infix Expression

1130 Infix Expression (25分)

Given a syntax tree (binary), you are supposed to output the corresponding infix expression, with parentheses reflecting the precedences of the operators.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (≤ 20) which is the total number of nodes in the syntax tree. Then N lines follow, each gives the information of a node (the i-th line corresponds to the i-th node) in the format:

data left_child right_child

where data is a string of no more than 10 characters, left_child and right_child are the indices of this node's left and right children, respectively. The nodes are indexed from 1 to N. The NULL link is represented by −1. The figures 1 and 2 correspond to the samples 1 and 2, respectively.

Figure 1	Figure 2

Output Specification:

For each case, print in a line the infix expression, with parentheses reflecting the precedences of the operators. Note that there must be no extra parentheses for the final expression, as is shown by the samples. There must be no space between any symbols.

Sample Input 1:

8
* 8 7
a -1 -1
* 4 1
+ 2 5
b -1 -1
d -1 -1
- -1 6
c -1 -1

Sample Output 1:

(a+b)*(c*(-d))

Sample Input 2:

8
2.35 -1 -1
* 6 1
- -1 4
% 7 8
+ 2 3
a -1 -1
str -1 -1
871 -1 -1

Sample Output 2:

(a*2.35)+(-(str%871))

题意是将语法树输出成中缀表达式。

这道题考的知识点太妙了……不仅考了中序遍历，还要思考如何安排括号的问题。

ps：除了根节点，每一对运算符都有一对括号。

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define Max 22
using namespace std;
struct Node{
	string data;
	int left, right;
}vec[Max];
int n, rt = 1;
string dfs(int index){
	if(index == -1) return "";
	if(vec[index].right != -1){
		vec[index].data = dfs(vec[index].left) + vec[index].data + dfs(vec[index].right);
		//非根节点 非叶子结点 
		if(index != rt){
			vec[index].data = '(' + vec[index].data + ')';
		}
	} 
	return vec[index].data;
}
int main(){
	vector<bool> vis(n+1, false);
	cin >> n;
	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
		cin >> vec[i].data >> vec[i].left >> vec[i].right;
		if(vec[i].left != -1) vis[vec[i].left] = true;
		if(vec[i].right != -1) vis[vec[i].right] = true;
	}
	while(vis[rt] == true) rt ++;// 找根节点
	cout << dfs(rt) << endl; 
	return 0;
}