springcloud

1.Eureka注册与发现

1.1Eureka服务端

Eureka服务端依赖

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>

在主配置类上加上@EnableEurekaServer注解

application.yml

server:
  port: 1000 #eureka服务端口号
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: peer1 #主机名
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false #禁止向注册中心注册
    fetch-registry: false #禁止拉取注册清单地址
    service-url: #微服务向注册中心注册的地址
      defaultZone: http://peer2:1001/eureka/
#如果Eureka有集群defaultZone写其他服务器的ip地址

1.2Eureka客服端

依赖导入

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

主配置类上加上@EnableEurekaClient注解

application.yml

server:
  port: 2000

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://peer1:1000/eureka/,http://peer2:1001/eureka/
       # defaultZone对应Eureka服务器集群中所有ip地址
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
    hostname: order-server1

spring:
  application:
    name: order-server

2.消费者提供者之间通讯

2.1集成ribbon负载均衡器+hystrix熔断器

依赖导入

 <!--引入ribbon负载均衡器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--hystrix熔断-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

主配置类上加@EnableHystrix，@RibbonClient可以省略，@Import(Myconfig.class)配置

myconfig配置

@Configuration
public class Myconfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced//ribbon的负载均衡器标签，赋予resttemplate负载均衡的功能
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    //随机策略
    @Bean
    public IRule rule(){
        return new RandomRule();
    }
}

消费者访问提供者

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @GetMapping("/findone/{id}")
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "failGet")
    public JsonResult findUserById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        //根据服务集群名选取服务user-server
        String url = "http://user-server/user/findone/"+id;
        JsonResult jsonResult = restTemplate.getForObject(url, JsonResult.class);

        return jsonResult;
    }
		//熔断后的回调方法
    public JsonResult failGet(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return JsonResult.me().setSuccess(false).setMessage("该服务已降级");
    }
}

2.2Feign负载均衡器+hystrix熔断器

依赖导入

 <!--引入feign负载均衡器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--hystrix熔断-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
		</dependency>

主配置类上加@EnableFeignClients("com.wal.springcloud.client")
application.yml

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true #开启熔断支持
  client:
    config:
      remote-service:           #服务名，填写default为所有服务
        connectTimeout: 3000
        readTimeout: 3000
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000

消费者访问提供者

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {
    @Autowired
    private UserFeignClient userFeignClient;
    @GetMapping("/findone/{id}")
    public JsonResult findUserById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        JsonResult jsonResult = userFeignClient.findUserById(id);
        return jsonResult;
    }
}

Feign客户端

@FeignClient(value = "user-server",
        configuration = UserFeignConfiguration.class,
        fallback = UserFeignClientFallBack.class)
public interface UserFeignClient {
    @GetMapping("/user/findone/{id}")
    public JsonResult findUserById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

熔断后的回调方法

@Component
public class UserFeignClientFallBack implements UserFeignClient {
    //返回托底数据
    @Override
    public JsonResult findUserById(Long id) {
        return JsonResult.me().setSuccess(false)
                .setMessage("服务当前不可用")
                .setData(new User(id,"123","1233"));
    }
}

feign配置

@Configuration
public class UserFeignConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public IRule rule(){
        return new RandomRule();
    }
}

2.3熔断

如果调用持续出错或者超时，电路被打开进入熔断状态(Open)，后续一段时间内的所有调用都会被拒绝(Fail Fast)，
一段时间以后，保护器会尝试进入半熔断状态(Half-Open)，允许少量请求进来尝试，
如果调用仍然失败，则回到熔断状态
如果调用成功，则回到电路闭合状态;

2.3.2熔断隔离模式

1.线程池隔离模式：使用一个线程池来储存请求，优点可以应对突发流量，缺点资源消耗大。
2.信号量隔离模式：用一个计数器来统计当前有多少个线程，
若超过最大线程数，则拒绝新请求

3.zuul网关

网关有鉴权，限流，请求分发等作用，网关服务也需要向注册中心注册
依赖导入

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--alibaba json转换插件-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.57</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

主配置类上添加@EnableZuulProxy和@EnableEurekaClient注解
网关中已经集成ribbon和hystrix
配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 4000
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: springcloud-zuul
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://peer1:1000/eureka/,http://peer2:1001/eureka/
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-zuul
zuul:
  routes:
    order-server: "/order/**" #服务名映射，使用/order\/**路径访问服务
    user-server: "/user/**"
  ignored-services: "*" #所有服务都不能用服务名来访问
  retryable: true #
ribbon:
  ConnectTimeout: 2500 # 连接超时时间(ms)
  ReadTimeout: 2000 # 通信超时时间(ms)
  OkToRetryOnAllOperations: true # 是否对所有操作重试
  MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2 # 同一服务不同实例的重试次数
  MaxAutoRetries: 1 # 同一实例的重试次数
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMillisecond: 3000 # 熔断超时时长：3000ms

自定义网关过滤器

@Component
public class MyZuulFilter extends ZuulFilter {

    //过滤器类型，前置过滤器，后置过滤器，
    @Override
    public String filterType() {
        return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE;
    }

    //过滤器执行顺序，值越小优先级越高
    @Override
    public int filterOrder() {
        return FilterConstants.PRE_DECORATION_FILTER_ORDER;
    }

    //返回true为过滤器有效会执行run方法，返回false直接交给下一个过滤器
    @Override
    public boolean shouldFilter() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Object run() throws ZuulException {
        // 1）获取Zuul提供的请求上下文对象
        RequestContext currentContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
        //获得请求对象
        HttpServletRequest request = currentContext.getRequest();
        String uri = request.getRequestURI();
        //如果uri中包含11则直接放行
        if (!uri.contains("11")){
            HttpServletResponse response = currentContext.getResponse();
            response.setContentType("text/json;charset=utf-8");
            HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
            map.put("success", false);
            map.put("message", "id错误");
            String string = JSON.toJSONString(map);
            //拦截
            currentContext.setSendZuulResponse(false);
            //返回状态码
            currentContext.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());

            try {
                response.getWriter().write(string);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

网关跨域配置

@Configuration
public class GlobalCorsConfig {
    @Bean
    public CorsFilter corsFilter() {
        //1.添加CORS配置信息
        CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
        //1) 允许的域,不要写*，否则cookie就无法使用了
        config.addAllowedOrigin("http://127.0.0.1:6001");
		config.addAllowedOrigin("http://localhost:6001");
        //2) 是否发送Cookie信息
        config.setAllowCredentials(true);
        //3) 允许的请求方式
        config.addAllowedMethod("OPTIONS");
        config.addAllowedMethod("HEAD");
        config.addAllowedMethod("GET");
        config.addAllowedMethod("PUT");
        config.addAllowedMethod("POST");
        config.addAllowedMethod("DELETE");
        config.addAllowedMethod("PATCH");
        // 4）允许的头信息
        config.addAllowedHeader("*");
        //2.添加映射路径，我们拦截一切请求
        UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource configSource = new
                UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
        configSource.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", config);
        //3.返回新的CorsFilter.
        return new CorsFilter(configSource);
    }
}

4.springcloudconfig，配置文件集中管理

依赖导入springcloud客服端,也需要向注册中心注册

 <!--eureka客户端-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--配置中心支持-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

在主配置类上添加@EnableEurekaClient和@EnableConfigServer注解
application.yml

server:
port: 5000
eureka:
client:
  service-url:
    defaultZone: http://peer1:1000/eureka/,http://peer2:1001/eureka/
instance:
  prefer-ip-address: true
  hostname: springcloud-config
spring:
application:
  name: springcloud-config
cloud:
  config:
    server:
      git:
        uri: https://github.com/jvjvangwu/jvjvangwu.git #远程仓库地址
        username: *****
        password: *****

springcloud客户端
依赖导入

 <!--configclient端-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

将配置文件名设置为bootstrap.yml

spring:
cloud:
  config:
    name: application-order #github上的名字
    profile: test #环境
    label: master #分支
    uri: http://localhost:5000 #config服务器地址