从源码分析@EnableDubbo的作用

前言：
最近研究Zookeeper以及Dubbo，在使用Dubbo时有配置文件以及注解的两种方式，为了图方便使用了注解的方式，但是爆出了空指针的问题，分析才发现自己没有加@EnableDubbo注解，于是想研究下@EnableDubbo是如何实现配置文件功能的。

从源码分析@EnableDubbo的作用

1. 查看@EnableDubbo

/**
 * Enables Dubbo components as Spring Beans, equals
 * {@link DubboComponentScan} and {@link EnableDubboConfig} combination.
 * <p>
 * Note : {@link EnableDubbo} must base on Spring Framework 4.2 and above
 *
 * @see DubboComponentScan
 * @see EnableDubboConfig
 * @since 2.5.8
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Inherited
@Documented
@EnableDubboConfig
@DubboComponentScan
public @interface EnableDubbo {
		......
}

在源码中我们可以看到@EnableDubbo是@EnableDubboConfig以及@DubboComponentScan合并的一个注解。

• EnableDubboConfig：实现Dubbo的配置，功能类似与xml配置文件中的各种配置，在该注解中可以实现类似的功能，通过绑定的方式来实现。
• DubboComponentScan：扫描Dubbo的组件类，将Dubbo的组件类自动注入到Spring容器中。

2. 查看@EnableDubboConfig注解

2.1、首先查看注释，可以通过注释看到，各种配置类绑定了对应的配置文件中的配置功能。

• ApplicationConfig 绑定 dubbo.application
• ModuleConfig 绑定 dubbo.module
• …
  通过这些注释我们大概知道各种配置类要实现的Dubbo的功能，通过读取Dubbo服务的相关类，将这些相关类设置相应的Dubbo配置。

/**
 * As  a convenient and multiple {@link EnableDubboConfigBinding}
 * in default behavior , is equal to single bean bindings with below convention prefixes of properties:
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@link ApplicationConfig} binding to property : "dubbo.application"</li>
 * <li>{@link ModuleConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.module"</li>
 * <li>{@link RegistryConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.registry"</li>
 * <li>{@link ProtocolConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.protocol"</li>
 * <li>{@link MonitorConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.monitor"</li>
 * <li>{@link ProviderConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.provider"</li>
 * <li>{@link ConsumerConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.consumer"</li>
 * </ul>
 * <p>
 * In contrast, on multiple bean bindings that requires to set {@link #multiple()} to be <code>true</code> :
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@link ApplicationConfig} binding to property : "dubbo.applications"</li>
 * <li>{@link ModuleConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.modules"</li>
 * <li>{@link RegistryConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.registries"</li>
 * <li>{@link ProtocolConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.protocols"</li>
 * <li>{@link MonitorConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.monitors"</li>
 * <li>{@link ProviderConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.providers"</li>
 * <li>{@link ConsumerConfig} binding to property :  "dubbo.consumers"</li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * @see EnableDubboConfigBinding
 * @see DubboConfigConfiguration
 * @see DubboConfigConfigurationRegistrar
 * @since 2.5.8
 */

2.2、查看具体配置

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Inherited
@Documented
@Import(DubboConfigConfigurationRegistrar.class)
public @interface EnableDubboConfig {

    /**
     * It indicates whether binding to multiple Spring Beans.
     *
     * @return the default value is <code>false</code>
     * @revised 2.5.9
     */
    boolean multiple() default true;

}

在该注解中可以看到通过Import导入了一个DubboConfigConfigurationRegistrar.class的类

3、查看DubboConfigConfigurationRegistrar类

/**
 * Dubbo {@link AbstractConfig Config} {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar register}, which order can be configured
 *
 * @see EnableDubboConfig
 * @see DubboConfigConfiguration
 * @see Ordered
 * @since 2.5.8
 */
public class DubboConfigConfigurationRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {

    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

        AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationAttributes.fromMap(
                importingClassMetadata.getAnnotationAttributes(EnableDubboConfig.class.getName()));

        boolean multiple = attributes.getBoolean("multiple");

        // Single Config Bindings
        registerBeans(registry, DubboConfigConfiguration.Single.class);

        if (multiple) { // Since 2.6.6 https://github.com/apache/dubbo/issues/3193
            registerBeans(registry, DubboConfigConfiguration.Multiple.class);
        }

        // Since 2.7.6
        registerCommonBeans(registry);
    }
}

在该类中主要实现的是注册Dubbo的相关类，通过registerBeans来实现。
同时我们在这段源码中可以看到通过 multiple判断是否为单例，如果为单例则调用DubboConfigConfiguration.Single.class，如果为多对象则调用DubboConfigConfiguration.Multiple.class

4、进入DubboConfigConfiguration.Single.class类

在该类中我们可以看到通过各种配置类ApplicationConfig.class、ModuleConfig.class、.....来实现了xml配置文件中的各种配置

public class DubboConfigConfiguration {

    /**
     * Single Dubbo {@link AbstractConfig Config} Bean Binding
     */
    @EnableConfigurationBeanBindings({
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.application", type = ApplicationConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.module", type = ModuleConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.registry", type = RegistryConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.protocol", type = ProtocolConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.monitor", type = MonitorConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.provider", type = ProviderConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.consumer", type = ConsumerConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.config-center", type = ConfigCenterBean.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.metadata-report", type = MetadataReportConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.metrics", type = MetricsConfig.class),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.ssl", type = SslConfig.class)
    })
    public static class Single {

    }

    /**
     * Multiple Dubbo {@link AbstractConfig Config} Bean Binding
     */
    @EnableConfigurationBeanBindings({
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.applications", type = ApplicationConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.modules", type = ModuleConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.registries", type = RegistryConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.protocols", type = ProtocolConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.monitors", type = MonitorConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.providers", type = ProviderConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.consumers", type = ConsumerConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.config-centers", type = ConfigCenterBean.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.metadata-reports", type = MetadataReportConfig.class, multiple = true),
            @EnableConfigurationBeanBinding(prefix = "dubbo.metricses", type = MetricsConfig.class, multiple = true)
    })
    public static class Multiple {

    }
}

5、@DubboComponentScan的源码分析

5.1、DubboComponentScan 解析

/**
 * Dubbo Component Scan {@link Annotation},scans the classpath for annotated components that will be auto-registered as
 * Spring beans. Dubbo-provided {@link Service} and {@link Reference}.
 *
 * @see Service
 * @see Reference
 * @since 2.5.7
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(DubboComponentScanRegistrar.class)
public @interface DubboComponentScan {
		........
}

在该源码中可以通过注释看到，通过路径扫描到的Dubbo组件，将会自动注入到Spring中。通过@Service以及@Reference实现注入。
5.2、DubboComponentScanRegistrar解析

public class DubboComponentScanRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

        Set<String> packagesToScan = getPackagesToScan(importingClassMetadata);

        registerServiceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor(packagesToScan, registry);

        // @since 2.7.6 Register the common beans
        registerCommonBeans(registry);
    }

    /**
     * Registers {@link ServiceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor}
     *
     * @param packagesToScan packages to scan without resolving placeholders
     * @param registry       {@link BeanDefinitionRegistry}
     * @since 2.5.8
     */
    private void registerServiceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor(Set<String> packagesToScan, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

        BeanDefinitionBuilder builder = rootBeanDefinition(ServiceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
        builder.addConstructorArgValue(packagesToScan);
        builder.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
        AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = builder.getBeanDefinition();
        BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerWithGeneratedName(beanDefinition, registry);

    }

    private Set<String> getPackagesToScan(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
        AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationAttributes.fromMap(
                metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(DubboComponentScan.class.getName()));
        String[] basePackages = attributes.getStringArray("basePackages");
        Class<?>[] basePackageClasses = attributes.getClassArray("basePackageClasses");
        String[] value = attributes.getStringArray("value");
        // Appends value array attributes
        Set<String> packagesToScan = new LinkedHashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(value));
        packagesToScan.addAll(Arrays.asList(basePackages));
        for (Class<?> basePackageClass : basePackageClasses) {
            packagesToScan.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(basePackageClass));
        }
        if (packagesToScan.isEmpty()) {
            return Collections.singleton(ClassUtils.getPackageName(metadata.getClassName()));
        }
        return packagesToScan;
    }

}

5.3、查看registerCommonBeans类

public interface DubboBeanUtils {

    /**
     * Register the common beans
     *
     * @param registry {@link BeanDefinitionRegistry}
     * @see ReferenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
     * @see DubboConfigDefaultPropertyValueBeanPostProcessor
     * @see DubboConfigAliasPostProcessor
     * @see DubboLifecycleComponentApplicationListener
     * @see DubboBootstrapApplicationListener
     */
    static void registerCommonBeans(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

        // Since 2.5.7 Register @Reference Annotation Bean Processor as an infrastructure Bean
        registerInfrastructureBean(registry, ReferenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.BEAN_NAME,
                ReferenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);

        // Since 2.7.4 [Feature] https://github.com/apache/dubbo/issues/5093
        registerInfrastructureBean(registry, DubboConfigAliasPostProcessor.BEAN_NAME,
                DubboConfigAliasPostProcessor.class);

        // Since 2.7.5 Register DubboLifecycleComponentApplicationListener as an infrastructure Bean
        registerInfrastructureBean(registry, DubboLifecycleComponentApplicationListener.BEAN_NAME,
                DubboLifecycleComponentApplicationListener.class);

        // Since 2.7.4 Register DubboBootstrapApplicationListener as an infrastructure Bean
        registerInfrastructureBean(registry, DubboBootstrapApplicationListener.BEAN_NAME,
                DubboBootstrapApplicationListener.class);

        // Since 2.7.6 Register DubboConfigDefaultPropertyValueBeanPostProcessor as an infrastructure Bean
        registerInfrastructureBean(registry, DubboConfigDefaultPropertyValueBeanPostProcessor.BEAN_NAME,
                DubboConfigDefaultPropertyValueBeanPostProcessor.class);
    }
}

在该类中看第一个方法，通过注释大概可以知道注解@Reference实现注入类，进入ReferenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class类，

/**
 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor} implementation
 * that Consumer service {@link Reference} annotated fields
 *
 * @since 2.5.7
 */
public class ReferenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor extends AbstractAnnotationBeanPostProcessor implements
        ApplicationContextAware, ApplicationListener<ServiceBeanExportedEvent> {

    /**
     * The bean name of {@link ReferenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor}
     */
    public static final String BEAN_NAME = "referenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor";

    /**
     * Cache size
     */
    private static final int CACHE_SIZE = Integer.getInteger(BEAN_NAME + ".cache.size", 32);

    private final ConcurrentMap<String, ReferenceBean<?>> referenceBeanCache =
            new ConcurrentHashMap<>(CACHE_SIZE);

    private final ConcurrentMap<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement, ReferenceBean<?>> injectedFieldReferenceBeanCache =
            new ConcurrentHashMap<>(CACHE_SIZE);

    private final ConcurrentMap<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement, ReferenceBean<?>> injectedMethodReferenceBeanCache =
            new ConcurrentHashMap<>(CACHE_SIZE);

    private final ConcurrentMap<String, ReferencedBeanInvocationHandler> referencedBeanInvocationHandlersCache =
            new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
    .
    .
    .
    }

在该类中具体实现了向Spring容器中注入的方法，在该方法中有创建了Map容器，以及Spring中的ApplicationContext…通过以上来实现Dubbo类的注入。