关于使用BigDecimal对象的除法“public BigDecimal divide(BigDecimal divisor)”报异常错误ArithmeticException

具体错误如下：

 

  /**
     * Returns a {@code BigDecimal} whose value is {@code (this /
     * divisor)}, and whose preferred scale is {@code (this.scale() -
     * divisor.scale())}; if the exact quotient cannot be
     * represented (because it has a non-terminating decimal
     * expansion) an {@code ArithmeticException} is thrown.
     *
     * @param  divisor value by which this {@code BigDecimal} is to be divided.
     * @throws ArithmeticException if the exact quotient does not have a
     *         terminating decimal expansion
     * @return {@code this / divisor}
     * @since 1.5
     * @author Joseph D. Darcy
     */
    public BigDecimal divide(BigDecimal divisor) {
        /*
         * Handle zero cases first.
         */
        if (divisor.signum() == 0) {   // x/0
            if (this.signum() == 0)    // 0/0
                throw new ArithmeticException("Division undefined");  // NaN
            throw new ArithmeticException("Division by zero");
        }

        // Calculate preferred scale
        int preferredScale = saturateLong((long) this.scale - divisor.scale);

        if (this.signum() == 0) // 0/y
            return zeroValueOf(preferredScale);
        else {
            /*
             * If the quotient this/divisor has a terminating decimal
             * expansion, the expansion can have no more than
             * (a.precision() + ceil(10*b.precision)/3) digits.
             * Therefore, create a MathContext object with this
             * precision and do a divide with the UNNECESSARY rounding
             * mode.
             */
            MathContext mc = new MathContext( (int)Math.min(this.precision() +
                                                            (long)Math.ceil(10.0*divisor.precision()/3.0),
                                                            Integer.MAX_VALUE),
                                              RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY);
            BigDecimal quotient;
            try {
                quotient = this.divide(divisor, mc);
            } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
                throw new ArithmeticException("Non-terminating decimal expansion; " +
                                              "no exact representable decimal result.");
            }

            int quotientScale = quotient.scale();

            // divide(BigDecimal, mc) tries to adjust the quotient to
            // the desired one by removing trailing zeros; since the
            // exact divide method does not have an explicit digit
            // limit, we can add zeros too.
            if (preferredScale > quotientScale)
                return quotient.setScale(preferredScale, ROUND_UNNECESSARY);

            return quotient;
        }
    }

通过看源码可以知道，

* @throws ArithmeticException if the exact quotient does not have a
*         terminating decimal expansion

他计算出的结果如果没有确切的整数，则抛异常，比如1/3，会一直0.333333333333333333....那么这种计算式子就会抛异常，所以我们需要设置精确位数

 

使用方法“public BigDecimal divide(BigDecimal divisor, int scale, int roundingMode)”就可以了

/**
     * Returns a {@code BigDecimal} whose value is {@code (this /
     * divisor)}, and whose scale is as specified.  If rounding must
     * be performed to generate a result with the specified scale, the
     * specified rounding mode is applied.
     *
     * <p>The new {@link #divide(BigDecimal, int, RoundingMode)} method
     * should be used in preference to this legacy method.
     *
     * @param  divisor value by which this {@code BigDecimal} is to be divided.
     * @param  scale scale of the {@code BigDecimal} quotient to be returned.
     * @param  roundingMode rounding mode to apply.
     * @return {@code this / divisor}
     * @throws ArithmeticException if {@code divisor} is zero,
     *         {@code roundingMode==ROUND_UNNECESSARY} and
     *         the specified scale is insufficient to represent the result
     *         of the division exactly.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code roundingMode} does not
     *         represent a valid rounding mode.
     * @see    #ROUND_UP
     * @see    #ROUND_DOWN
     * @see    #ROUND_CEILING
     * @see    #ROUND_FLOOR
     * @see    #ROUND_HALF_UP
     * @see    #ROUND_HALF_DOWN
     * @see    #ROUND_HALF_EVEN
     * @see    #ROUND_UNNECESSARY
     */
    public BigDecimal divide(BigDecimal divisor, int scale, int roundingMode) {
        if (roundingMode < ROUND_UP || roundingMode > ROUND_UNNECESSARY)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid rounding mode");
        if (this.intCompact != INFLATED) {
            if ((divisor.intCompact != INFLATED)) {
                return divide(this.intCompact, this.scale, divisor.intCompact, divisor.scale, scale, roundingMode);
            } else {
                return divide(this.intCompact, this.scale, divisor.intVal, divisor.scale, scale, roundingMode);
            }
        } else {
            if ((divisor.intCompact != INFLATED)) {
                return divide(this.intVal, this.scale, divisor.intCompact, divisor.scale, scale, roundingMode);
            } else {
                return divide(this.intVal, this.scale, divisor.intVal, divisor.scale, scale, roundingMode);
            }
        }
    }