Android开发（二）：调用WebService接口实现某些功能（Soap协议）

一：调用WebService接口需要进行网络访问，有几点要注意。
（1）在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加以下代码：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

（2）在Android中需要新建子线程进行网络连接。建立子线程：

 new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    //进行网络连接的代码
                } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
            }
        }.start();

二：WebService接口用到SOAP协议。
（1）Soap需要下载Ksoap2-android的jar包，网上随便一搜就有。
把下载好的ksoap2的jar包复制到截图中的位置。
（链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1HhbdxMDjh1JB5G_4Bbm3DA
提取码：stjv ）

然后在File->Project Structure->Dependencies,点击下图的+，选第二个。
然后是这个界面，选择Ksoap2之后，一路OK就可以使用Soap了。

（2）配置URL，命名空间，调用的方法和SoapAction等参数，然后封装Soap对象。这里以繁简转换的接口为例。

 String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TraditionalSimplifiedWebService.asmx";
            String NameSpace="http://webxml.com.cn/";
            String methodName="toTraditionalChinese";
            final String soapAction="http://webxml.com.cn/toTraditionalChinese";
            SoapObject rpc=new SoapObject(NameSpace,methodName);

            TextView Name=findViewById(R.id.txtName);
            String strName=Name.getText().toString();

            rpc.addProperty("sText",strName);
            //rpc.addProperty("Pwd",txtPwd.getText().toString());
            final SoapSerializationEnvelope soapEnvelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            soapEnvelope.dotNet=true;
            soapEnvelope.bodyOut=rpc;
            //发送Http请求
            final HttpTransportSE ht=new HttpTransportSE(serviceURL)
            new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        ht.call(soapAction,soapEnvelope);
                        SoapObject object=(SoapObject)soapEnvelope.bodyIn;
                        String data = object.getProperty("toTraditionalChineseResult").toString();
                        Message msg=Message.obtain();
                        msg.obj=data;
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
                }
            }.start();

三：下面贴出全部源代码
（1）效果图

（2）XML代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/show"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        android:textSize="18sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.175"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.541" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="152dp"
        android:text="转换"
        android:textSize="18sp"
        android:background="@drawable/shape_radius"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.306"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/txtName"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="56dp"
        android:ems="10"
        android:inputType="textPersonName"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

（3）MainActivity.java代码（这里使用Handler传递子线程的数据）

package com.example.test;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.nfc.Tag;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.SoapFault;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpResponseException;
import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    public Button btn;
    public TextView mTextView;
    public Handler mHandler;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        btn=findViewById(R.id.button);
        btn.setOnClickListener(onClick);

        mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);
        // 步骤2：在主线程中创建Handler实例
        mHandler = new Mhandler();
    }

    public View.OnClickListener onClick=new View.OnClickListener(){
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // 采用继承Thread类实现多线程演示
            String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TraditionalSimplifiedWebService.asmx";
            String NameSpace="http://webxml.com.cn/";
            String methodName="toTraditionalChinese";
            final String soapAction="http://webxml.com.cn/toTraditionalChinese";
            SoapObject rpc=new SoapObject(NameSpace,methodName);

            TextView Name=findViewById(R.id.txtName);
            String strName=Name.getText().toString();

            rpc.addProperty("sText",strName);
            //rpc.addProperty("Pwd",txtPwd.getText().toString());
            final SoapSerializationEnvelope soapEnvelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
            soapEnvelope.dotNet=true;
            soapEnvelope.bodyOut=rpc;
            //发送Http请求
            final HttpTransportSE ht=new HttpTransportSE(serviceURL);
            new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        ht.call(soapAction,soapEnvelope);
                        SoapObject object=(SoapObject)soapEnvelope.bodyIn;
                        String data = object.getProperty("toTraditionalChineseResult").toString();
                        Message msg=Message.obtain();
                        msg.obj=data;
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    }catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
                }
            }.start();
        }
    };
    class Mhandler extends Handler {
        // 通过复写handlerMessage() 从而确定更新UI的操作
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            mTextView.setText((String)msg.obj);
        }
    }
}