sleep和wait的区别

1.sleep()是Thread类的方法，是native类型的。wait()是Object类中定义的方法，也是native类型的。

2.sleep()方法可以再任何地方使用。wait()方法只能在synchronized或者synchronized块中使用。因为synchronized是用来加锁，wait是用来释放锁。

两者最本质的区别：

（1）Thread.sleep只会让出CPU，不会导致锁行为的改变。

（2）Object.wait不仅会让出CPU,还会释放已经占有的同步资源锁，以便其他正在等待该资源的线程得到该资源进而去运行。

1.下面的代码表示A线程调用了wait()方法后会释放同步资源锁，释放了同步锁之后就可以供其他线程来占有这个同步资源锁。
public class WaitSleepDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final Object lock = new Object();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("thread A is waiting to get lock");
                synchronized(lock){
                    try {
                        System.out.println("thread A get lock");
                        Thread.sleep(20);
                        System.out.println("thread A do wait method");
                        lock.wait(1000);
                        System.out.println("thread A is done");
                    }catch (InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
        //为了让A、B线程先后执行，这里让主线程休眠10毫秒
        try{
            Thread.sleep(10);
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("thread B is waiting to get lock");
                synchronized(lock){
                    try {
                        System.out.println("thread B get lock");
                        System.out.println("thread B is sleeping");
                        Thread.sleep(10);
                        System.out.println("thread B is done");
                    }catch (InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
}
运行结果：
thread A is waiting to get lock
thread A get lock
thread B is waiting to get lock
thread A do wait method
thread B get lock
thread B is sleeping
thread B is done
thread A is done

 

2.接下来这个例子说明，sleep是没有改变锁的行为的。这里执行了sleep，但是没有把锁释放，所以B线程无法获取同步锁，直到A执行完后才能获取。
public class WaitSleepDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final Object lock = new Object();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("thread A is waiting to get lock");
                synchronized(lock){
                    try {
                        System.out.println("thread A get lock");
                        Thread.sleep(20);
                        System.out.println("thread A do wait method");
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                        System.out.println("thread A is done");
                    }catch (InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
        //为了让A、B线程先后执行，这里让主线程休眠10毫秒
        try{
            Thread.sleep(10);
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("thread B is waiting to get lock");
                synchronized(lock){
                    try {
                        System.out.println("thread B get lock");
                        System.out.println("thread B is sleeping");
                        lock.wait(10);
                        System.out.println("thread B is done");
                    }catch (InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
}
运行结果：
thread A is waiting to get lock
thread A get lock
thread B is waiting to get lock
thread A do wait method
thread A is done
thread B get lock
thread B is sleeping
thread B is done