python数据分析基本图表绘制

第三方库：pandas、numpy、matplotlit

绘制柱状图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

list1 = [1, 4, 6, 3, 7, 8]
list2 = [3, 5, 6, 2, 8, 8]
total_width, n = 0.8, 2
width = total_width / n
y = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
x = list(range(len(list1)))
plt.bar(x, list1, width=width)
for i in range(len(x)):
   x[i]=x[i]+width
plt.bar(x, list2, width=width)
plt.legend()
plt.show()

 

绘制饼状图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import pandas as pd

import numpy as np

df = pd.DataFrame(3 * np.random.rand(5), index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], columns=['x'])

df.plot.pie(subplots=True)

plt.show()

绘制箱型图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd



# 添加成绩表

plt.style.use("ggplot")

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']


# 新建一个空的DataFrame

df=pd.DataFrame()

df["语文"]=[78,90,97,71,70,93,86,83,78,85,81]

df["概率论"]=[65,95,51,74,99,63,91,82,75,71,55]

df["数据挖掘"]=[93,63,76,88,66,79,83,92,78,86,78]

df["应用统计"]=[85,78,50,95,70,67,82,72,80,81,77]

df

df.boxplot()

plt.show()

 

绘制正态分布图

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import math


u = 0  # 均值μ

u01 = -2

sig = math.sqrt(0.2)  # 标准差δ



x = np.linspace(u - 3 * sig, u + 3 * sig, 50)

y_sig = np.exp(-(x - u) ** 2 / (2 * sig ** 2)) / (math.sqrt(2 * math.pi) * sig)

print(x)

print("=" * 20)

print(y_sig)

plt.plot(x, y_sig, "r-", linewidth=2)

plt.grid(True)

plt.show()