spring-cloud-stream消息驱动

程序员小成在线买房

已于 2023-03-18 18:22:10 修改

阅读量441

点赞数

文章标签： java spring kafka

于 2023-03-18 17:54:46 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40432598/article/details/129631450

版权

Stream 消息驱动

Stream 概述

Spring Cloud Stream 是一个构建消息驱动微服务应用的框架。
Stream 解决了开发人员无感知的使用消息中间件的问题，因为Stream对消息中间件的进一步封装，可以做到代码层面对中间件的无感知，甚至于动态的切换中间件，使得微服务开发的高度解耦，服务可以关注更多自己的业务流程。
Spring Cloud Stream目前支持两种消息中间件RabbitMQ和Kafka

Stream 组件

Spring Cloud Stream 构建的应用程序与消息中间件之间是通过绑定器 Binder相关联的。绑定器对于应用程序而言起到了隔离作用，它使得不同消息中间件的实现细节对应用程序来说是透明的。
binding 是我们通过配置把应用和spring cloud stream 的 binder 绑定在一起
output：发送消息 Channel，内置 Source接口
input：接收消息 Channel，内置 Sink接口

在这里插入图片描述

Stream 消息生产者

创建消息生产者模块，引入依赖 starter-stream-rabbit
编写配置，定义 binder，和 bingings
定义消息发送业务类。添加 @EnableBinding(Source.class)，注入MessageChannel output
，完成消息发送
编写启动类，测试

MessageProducer.java

package com.itheima.stream.producer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Source;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;
import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@EnableBinding(Source.class)
public class MessageProducer {

    @Autowired
    private MessageChannel output; //动态创建出来

    public void send() {

        String message = "hello message~~~";
        ///发送消息
        output.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(message).build()); //构建messgae对象build() 消息体构建

        System.out.println("消息发送成功");
    }
}

ProducerController.java

package com.itheima.stream.producer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ProducerController {

    @Autowired
    private MessageProducer producer;

    @RequestMapping("/send")
    public String sendMsg(){
        producer.send();
        return "send msg";
    }
}

package com.itheima.stream;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
	
        SpringApplication.run(ProducerApp.class, args);
    }
}

server:
  port: 8000



spring:
  cloud:
    stream:
      # 定义绑定器，绑定到哪个消息中间件上
      binders:
        itheima_binder: # 自定义的绑定器名称
          type: rabbit # 绑定器类型
          environment: # 指定mq的环境
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: localhost
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
                virtual-host: /
      bindings:
        output: # channel名称
          binder: itheima_binder #指定使用哪一个binder
          destination: itheima_exchange # 消息目的地

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>stream-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>stream-producer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring boot web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--stream-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

在这里插入图片描述

stream-consumer

Stream 消息消费者

创建消息消费者模块，引入依赖 starter-stream-rabbit
编写配置，定义 binder，和 bingings
定义消息接收业务类。添加@EnableBinding(Sink.class)，使用@StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)，完成消息接收。
编写启动类，测试

MessageListener.java

package com.itheima.stream.consumer;


import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 消息接收类
 */
@EnableBinding({Sink.class})
@Component

public class MessageListener {

    @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)
    public void receive(Message message) {
        System.out.println(message);
        System.out.println(message.getPayload());
    }
}

package com.itheima.stream;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApp.class, args);
    }
}

server:
  port: 9000



spring:
  cloud:
    stream:
      # 定义绑定器，绑定到哪个消息中间件上
      binders:
        itheima_binder: # 自定义的绑定器名称
          type: rabbit # 绑定器类型
          environment: # 指定mq的环境
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: 175.24.181.110
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
                virtual-host: /
      bindings:
        input: # channel名称
          binder: itheima_binder #指定使用哪一个binder
          destination: itheima_exchange # 消息目的地

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>stream-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>stream-consumer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring boot web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--stream-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

父工程

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>stream-parent</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>stream-producer</module>
        <module>stream-consumer</module>
    </modules>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>


    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

</project>