PAHO-MQTT-C的数据包

最近做了个中移物联平台的项目，设备需要用到MQTTS来完成通讯，所以使用到了paho-mqtt-c的开源的MQTT协议栈库。

https://www.eclipse.org/paho/index.php?page=downloads.php

非常全，各种语言的源码都有，根据自己需求下载，我这里需要的是C/C++的协议栈。

由于我只需要做一个客户端，做的又是嵌入式设备，源码太多也没用，就精简了一下。

实际上只用了几个重要的
MQTTClient.h
MQTTConnect.h
MQTTFormat.h
MQTTPacket.h
MQTTPublish.h
MQTTSubscribe.h
MQTTUnsubscribe.h
StackTrace.h

以及对应的几个源文件。

实际上所有的头文件都是为了提供给MQTTClient.h使用的。

使用流程
1.创建一个客户端对象；
2.设置连接MQTT服务器的选项；
3.如果多线程（异步模式）操作被使用则设置回调函数（详见 Asynchronous >vs synchronous client applications）；
4.订阅客户端需要接收的任意话题；
5.重复以下操作直到结束：
a.发布客户端需要的任意信息；
 b.处理所有接收到的信息；
6.断开客户端连接；
7.释放客户端使用的所有内存。

重要的结构，首先要把这个结构体配置了。

typedef struct MQTTClient
{
    unsigned int next_packetid,
      command_timeout_ms;
    size_t buf_size,
      readbuf_size;
    unsigned char *buf,
      *readbuf;
    unsigned int keepAliveInterval;
    char ping_outstanding;
    int isconnected;
    int cleansession;

    struct MessageHandlers
    {
        const char* topicFilter;
        void (*fp) (MessageData*);
    } messageHandlers[MAX_MESSAGE_HANDLERS];      /* Message handlers are indexed by subscription topic */

    void (*defaultMessageHandler) (MessageData*);

    Network* ipstack;
    Timer last_sent, last_received;
#if defined(MQTT_TASK)
    Mutex mutex;
    Thread thread;
#endif
} MQTTClient;

下面是使用的示例

/*******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2012, 2017 IBM Corp.
 *
 * All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
 * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
 * and Eclipse Distribution License v1.0 which accompany this distribution. 
 *
 * The Eclipse Public License is available at 
 *   http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
 * and the Eclipse Distribution License is available at 
 *   http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
 *
 * Contributors:
 *    Ian Craggs - initial contribution
 *******************************************************************************/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "MQTTClient.h"
#if !defined(WIN32)
#include <unistd.h>
#else
#include <windows.h>
#endif

#define ADDRESS     "tcp://localhost:1883" //更改此处地址
#define CLIENTID    "aaabbbccc" //更改此处客户端ID
#define TOPIC       "topic01"  //更改发送的话题
#define PAYLOAD     "Hello Man, Can you see me ?!" //更改信息内容
#define QOS         1
#define TIMEOUT     10000L

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
		//声明一个MQTTClient
	    MQTTClient client;
	    char *username= "test_user"; //添加的用户名
	    char *password = "aaa777"; //添加的密码
	    //初始化MQTT Client选项
	    MQTTClient_connectOptions conn_opts = MQTTClient_connectOptions_initializer;
		//#define MQTTClient_message_initializer { {'M', 'Q', 'T', 'M'}, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
	    MQTTClient_message pubmsg = MQTTClient_message_initializer;
		//声明消息token
	    MQTTClient_deliveryToken token;
	    int rc;
	    //使用参数创建一个client，并将其赋值给之前声明的client
	    MQTTClient_create(&client, ADDRESS, CLIENTID,
	        MQTTCLIENT_PERSISTENCE_NONE, NULL);
	    conn_opts.keepAliveInterval = 20;
	    conn_opts.cleansession = 1;
	    conn_opts.username = username; //将用户名写入连接选项中
		conn_opts.password = password;//将密码写入连接选项中
		 //使用MQTTClient_connect将client连接到服务器，使用指定的连接选项。成功则返回MQTTCLIENT_SUCCESS
	    if ((rc = MQTTClient_connect(client, &conn_opts)) != MQTTCLIENT_SUCCESS)
	    {
	        printf("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", rc);
	        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	    }
	    pubmsg.payload = PAYLOAD;
	    pubmsg.payloadlen = strlen(PAYLOAD);
	    pubmsg.qos = QOS;
	    pubmsg.retained = 0;
	    MQTTClient_publishMessage(client, TOPIC, &pubmsg, &token);
	    printf("Waiting for up to %d seconds for publication of %s\n"
	            "on topic %s for client with ClientID: %s\n",
	            (int)(TIMEOUT/1000), PAYLOAD, TOPIC, CLIENTID);
		rc = MQTTClient_waitForCompletion(client, token, TIMEOUT);
		printf("Message with delivery token %d delivered\n", token);
	    MQTTClient_disconnect(client, 10000);
	    MQTTClient_destroy(&client);
	    return rc;
}