1 while
while语句
#include "iostream"
int main() {
int sum = 0, val = 1;
while (val <= 10) {
sum += val;
// val += 1;
++val;
}
std::cout << "sum of 1 to 10 inclusive is " << sum << std::endl;
return 0;
}
sum of 1 to 10 inclusive is 55
while(condition)
statement
while语句的执行过程是交替地检测condition条件和执行关联地语句statement,直至condition为假时停止。只要condition为真,statement就会被执行。当执行完statement,会再次检测condition。如果condition仍未真,statement再次被执行。while语句持续地交替监测condition和执行statement,直至condition为假为止。
练习
1.9
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int num = 50, sum = 0;
while (num <= 100) {
sum += num;
++num;
}
std::cout << "50-100总和是: " << sum << std::endl;
return 0;
}
50-100总和是: 3825
1.10
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int num = 10, sum = 0;
while (num >=0) {
sum += num;
--num;
}
std::cout << "10到0总和: " << sum << std::endl;
return 0;
}
10到0总和: 55
1.11
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::cout << "请输入两个数字:" << std::endl;
int n1 = 0, n2 = 0, sum = 0;
std::cin >> n1 >> n2;
if (n1 > n2) {
while (n1 >= n2) {
std::cout << n1 << " ";
--n1;
}
} else {
while (n1 <= n2) {
std::cout << n1 << " ";
++n1;
}
}
return 0;
}
2 for
int main() {
int sum = 0;
for (int val = 1; val <= 10; ++val)
sum += val;
std::cout << "sum of 1 to 10 inclusive is " << sum << std::endl;
return 0;
}
for包含循环头和循环体。循环头控制循环体的执行次数。
练习
1.12
0
1.14 for和while区别
正解:
在循环次数已知的情况下,for循环的形式显然更为简洁。
而循环次数无法预知时,用while循环实现更适合。用特定条件控制循环是否执行,循环体中执行的语句可能导致循环判定条件发生变化。
读取数量不定的输入数据
#include "iostream"
int main() {
int sum = 0, value = 0;
while (std::cin >> value)
sum += value;
std::cout << sum << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Ctrl+D终止循环输出结果
3 4 5
^D
12
进程已结束,退出代码0