Java多线程编程核心技术第二章笔记

1.不适用等待/通知机制实现线程通信

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

class MyList{
    private List list = new ArrayList();
    public void add(){
        list.add("123");
    }
    public int size(){
        return list.size();
    }
}

class ThreadA implements Runnable{
    private MyList list;
    public ThreadA(MyList list){
        this.list = list;
    }


    public void run(){
        try{
            for(int i = 0;i < 10;++i){
                list.add();
                System.out.println("添加了"+(i+1)+"个元素");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
        }catch(InterruptedException e){

        }
    }
}

class ThreadB implements Runnable{
    private MyList list;
    public ThreadB(MyList list){
        this.list = list;
    }


    public void run(){
        try{
           while(true){
               System.out.println("b");
               if(list.size() == 5){
                   System.out.println("==5,线程b要退出了");
                   throw new InterruptedException();
               }
           }
        }catch(InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}



class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        MyList service = new MyList();
        ThreadA a = new ThreadA(service);
        new Thread(a).start();
       ThreadB b = new ThreadB(service);
        new Thread(b).start();
    }
}

这个有一定的不确定性，我们并不知道B线程是否已经运行了，而且通过while(true)轮询来检测条件，浪费CPU资源

2.等待通知机制。wait()使当前执行代码的线程进行等待，notify()通知一个等待线程准备运行，但并不是立即执行。另外wait()和notify()需要在同步方法或同步块中调用

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

class MyList01{
    private static List list = new ArrayList();
    public static void add(){
        list.add("123");
    }
    public static int size(){
        return list.size();
    }
}

class ThreadA implements Runnable{
    private Object lock;
    public ThreadA(Object lock){
        this.lock = lock;
    }


    public void run(){
        try{
           synchronized (lock) {
               if (MyList01.size() != 5) {
                   System.out.println("wait begin" + System.currentTimeMillis());
                   lock.wait();
                   System.out.println("wait end" + System.currentTimeMillis());
               }
           }
        }catch(InterruptedException e){

        }
    }
}

class ThreadB implements Runnable{
    private Object lock;
    public ThreadB(Object lock){
        this.lock = lock;
    }


    public void run(){
        try{
           synchronized (lock){
               for(int i = 0;i < 10;++i){
                   MyList01.add();
                   if(MyList01.size() == 5){
                       lock.notify();
                       System.out.println("已发出通知");
                   }
                   System.out.println("添加了"+(i+1)+"个元素");
                   Thread.sleep(1000);
               }
           }
        }catch(InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}



class Run {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Object lock = new Object();
        ThreadA a = new ThreadA(lock);
        new Thread(a).start();
        try{
            Thread.sleep(100);
        }catch(InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        ThreadB b = new ThreadB(lock);
        new Thread(b).start();
    }
}

日志信息wait end在最后输出，说明notify()执行后，并不会立即释放锁