jsp=java server page 用于动态web
特点:写jsp就想在写HTML,但是会实现动态通过过嵌入java代码
jsp的真正原理,翻源码
jsp如何执行
tomcat有一个work目录,而因为在IDEA中执行,所以IDEA中也有一个work目录
客户端想浏览器请求资源,无论请求什么资源其实都得通过servlet。
jsp其实最终要转化为java.class那这个java.class在哪里可以找的到呢,我的电脑目录是在这里
C:\Users\lenovo\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2020.3\tomcat\d7bbd5bd-6a27-4124-845e-216f350d7a99\work\Catalina\localhost\cookie_seesion_war\org\apache\jsp
jsp生成的源码如下
/*
* Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
* Version: Apache Tomcat/9.0.44
* Generated at: 2021-04-01 04:08:19 UTC
* Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
* the last modified time of the source file after
* generation to assist with modification tracking.
*/
package org.apache.jsp;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent,
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceImports {
private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_packages;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_classes;
static {
_jspx_imports_packages = new java.util.HashSet<>();
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.http");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.jsp");
_jspx_imports_classes = null;
}
private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;
public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
return _jspx_dependants;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getPackageImports() {
return _jspx_imports_packages;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getClassImports() {
return _jspx_imports_classes;
}
public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
_el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
}
}
}
return _el_expressionfactory;
}
public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
_jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
}
}
}
return _jsp_instancemanager;
}
public void _jspInit() {
}
public void _jspDestroy() {
}
public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {
if (!javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
if ("OPTIONS".equals(_jspx_method)) {
response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
return;
}
if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method)) {
response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSP 只允许 GET、POST 或 HEAD。Jasper 还允许 OPTIONS");
return;
}
}
final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
final java.lang.Object page = this;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
try {
response.setContentType("text/html");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
out.write("<html>\n");
out.write("<body>\n");
out.write("<h2>Hello World!</h2>\n");
out.write("</body>\n");
out.write("</html>\n");
} catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
out = _jspx_out;
if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
try {
if (response.isCommitted()) {
out.flush();
} else {
out.clearBuffer();
}
} catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
else throw new ServletException(t);
}
} finally {
_jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
}
这里开头 org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase继承了Httpservlet
所以jsp本质就是一个servlet
1:判断请求
2:内置对象
final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
final java.lang.Object page = this;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
3:输入页面前:配置一些东西
response.setContentType("text/html");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
以上对象可以在jsp页面直接使用
整理流程
在jsp中只要是java代码就会被原封不动的输出
若为html则会转为out.println(里面为HTML的东西)
jsp的基础语法
注释<%----%> jsp的注释不会在客户端显示
变量或者表达式<%=>
jsp脚本片段<%%>
在代码中嵌入HTML的元素
其实这里的所有原理用jsp这个类就很好理解,无论怎么嵌入HTML元素其实就是在java的代码里加out.print输出到浏览器,所以都可以的灵活运用
另一个jsp申明 <%!%>其实这里定义的东西就是作用域更大了,在编译中会被编译到方法中,而其他的会被编译到jsp类的方法中
简约方法:ELT表达式 ${}
src找目录 /=当前目录 ..=上一级目录
定制错误页面 在web.xml中定义 在jsp中<%page errorpage=400%>
在本页面中添加公有的其他页面的元素 <%include file=""> 将此页面与当前页面合起来一个页面
<jsp:include page="">将此页面与其他页面拼接-一般用这个方法,灵活性更高一些,因为其本质还是三个,变量上不会出现冲突,作用于不同的栈
三、两者的区别
1.执行时间上的区别:
<%@ include file=”relativeURI”%> 是在翻译阶段执行(将JSP页面转换成servlet的阶段)。
<jsp:include page=”relativeURI” flush=”true” /> 在请求处理阶段执行。
2.引入内容的方式区别:
<%@ include file=”relativeURI”%>适用于引入静态文本,也可以这么理解:它是纯粹的把部分代码写到了另一页面(或者说是共享),而那另一页面中不能有相同的变量名,但可以借用主页面的内容。
<jsp:include page=”relativeURI” flush=”true” />引入执行页面或servlet所生成的应答文本。
9大内置对象
页面上下文 pagecontext
request
respond
session
application(servletcontext) \\存东西
config
out
page
iserrorpage
exception
8.6JSP,JSTL标签
EL表达式=${}
获取数据
执行运算
获取web
调用java
<jsp:include>
<jsp:param>
<jsp:forward>
JSTL的标签库的使用是为了弥补HTML的不足,其自定义了许多的标签可供我们使用
核心标签:引入对taglib 用方法,在tomcat中也要引入jstl的包否则会报错
格式化标签
使用实例
用JSTL代替了一部分java代码
SQL标签
xml标签