java面试准备-------synchronize和Lock有什么区别?

1.原始构成.
synchronize是关键字属于JVM层面.
monitorenter(底层是通过monitor对象来完成,其实wait/notify等方法也依赖与monitor对象,只有在同步块或方法中才能调用wait/notify等方法.
monitorexit.
lock视具体的类(java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock) 是api层面的锁. jdk1.5
2.使用方法
synchronized 不需要用户手动释放锁,当synchronized代码执行完成后,系统会自动让线程释放锁资源.
ReentrantLock 则需要手动释放锁,如果没有释放锁,就有可能你导致出现死锁现象.
需要lock() 和 unlock() 方法配合try/finally语句块来完成.
3.等待是否可以中断
synchronized不可中断,除非抛出异常或者正常运行完成.
ReentrantLock 可中断,
1. 设置超时方法 tryLock(long timeout,TimeUnit unit)
2. LockInterruptibly()放在代码块中,调用interrupt()方法可以中断.
4.加锁是否公平
synchronized 非公平锁.
Reentrantlock 都可以,默认非公平锁,如果构造方法传入false为非公平锁,true为公平锁.
5. 锁绑定多个条件 Condition
synchronized 没有
Reentrantlock 用来实现分组唤醒的需要唤醒的线程,可以精确控制唤醒,而不是行synchronized要么随机唤醒,要么全部唤醒所有线程.

反编译后

写一个题,利用ReentrantLock,唤醒.

/*
题目: 多线程主键顺序调用,实现A->B->C 三个线程启动,要求如下.
A打印5次,B打印10次,C打印15次
10次重复
 */

public class ReentrantLockDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadDemo demo = new ThreadDemo();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {

                demo.print5();

            }, "A").start();
            new Thread(() -> {
                demo.print10();

            }, "B").start();
            new Thread(() -> {

                demo.print15();


            }, "C").start();
        }

    }


}

class ThreadDemo {
    private int num = 1;
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
    Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
    Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();

    public void print5() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (num != 1) {
                condition1.await();
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                System.out.println("A");
            }
            num = 2;
            condition2.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void print10() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (num != 2) {
                condition2.await();
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                System.out.println("B");
            }
            num = 3;
            condition3.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void print15() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (num != 3) {
                condition3.await();
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
                System.out.println("C");
            }
            num = 1;
            condition1.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}