UVALive7196 Find x

You have to implement a simple equation solver to evaluate expressions consisting of numbers, variables,
and addition/subtraction operators.
In the past, this type of problem was called a “find x” problem, however, an unintended consequence
of ubiquitous touch interfaces resulted in people fruitlessly pointing at the “x” on the screen, so we
now require the unnecessarily complex syntax specified below to avoid this all-too-common misunderstanding.
Input
Your input consists of an arbitrary number of records, but no more than 100. Each record starts with a
line containing a single integer n, with 3 ≤ n ≤ 32, denoting the number of symbols to follow, followed
on the next line by n single-character symbols, separated by a single space.
The symbols are selected from the following classes:
• NUM : Numbers, the characters ‘0’ through ‘9’. All numbers specified in the input will be
singledigit values;
• EQ : Equals, the character ‘=’;
• V AR : Variables, the characters ‘a’ through ‘z’ (only lowercase), one of which will appear exactly
once in any given equation;
• OP : Operators, the characters ‘+’ and ‘-’. An operator may appear as the first symbol in an
equation, or the first symbol after an EQ symbol — in this case it acts as a unary operator, which
negates the NUM or V AR immediately to its right if the OP is ‘-’, and does nothing if the OP
is ‘+’.
Valid equation syntax is
[OP] (NUM|V AR) (OP (NUM|V AR))* EQ [OP] (NUM|V AR) (OP (NUM|V AR))*
with the constraint that any given equation will contain only one instance of V AR (only one letter,
appearing at only one place). In the syntax, parentheses denote grouping, the Or symbol ‘|’ denotes
a choice between its left and right operands, the square brackets ‘[]’ indicate zero or one occurrences
of the enclosed term), and the ‘*’ symbol indicates zero or more occurrences of the term to its left.
The end of input is indicated by a line containing only the value ‘-1’.
Output
For each input record, output
V AR = answer
where V AR is the symbol used in the input equation, and answer is the solution to the equation.
Sample Input
7
4 - 5 - x = 2
8
- 4 - 5 - y = 2
9
+ 4 - 5 - z = + 2
8
+ 4 - 5 = a + 2
9
+ 4 - 5 = - d + 2
-1
Sample Output
x = -3
y = -11
z = -3
a = -3
d = 3

 

题目大意：解方程。

题解：讲道理其实好多地方没看懂……题目的意思还是根据测例连蒙带猜出来的orz，我英语太菜了。每个测例先输入该测例公式（只有一个变量）中非空格的字符数，然后输入这个公式，求出里面变量的值即可。计算的时候可以先记录等号位置，把变量移到等号右边，其他常量都放在等号左边，计算常量的和即可。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int n;
    int i;
    int posd;
    char a;
    char str[1000], s[5];
    while(cin>>n && n!=-1)
    {
        i=0;
        while(i<n)
        {
            scanf("%c", &a);
            if(a!=' ' && a!='\n')
            {
                if(a=='=') posd=i;
                str[i]=a;
                i++;
            }
        }
        str[n]=0;
        int sum=0;
        bool flag=0;//0+ 1-
        int x=0;
        for(i=0; i<posd; i++)
        {
            if(str[i]=='+') flag=0;
            else if(str[i]=='-') flag=1;
            else if(str[i]>='0' && str[i] <='9')
            {
                x=x*10+str[i]-'0';
                if(str[i+1]>='0' && str[i+1] <='9') continue;
                if(flag==0) sum+=x, x=0;
                else if(flag==1) sum-=x, x=0;
            }
            else if(str[i]>='a' && str[i]<='z')
            {
                if(flag==0) s[0]='-';
                else if(flag==1) s[0]='+';
                s[1]=str[i];
            }
        }
        flag=0;
        x=0;
        for(i=posd+1; i<n; i++)
        {
            if(str[i]=='+') flag=0;
            else if(str[i]=='-') flag=1;
            else if(str[i]>='0' && str[i] <='9')
            {
                x=x*10+str[i]-'0';
                if(str[i+1]>='0' && str[i+1] <='9') continue;
                if(flag==0) sum-=x, x=0;
                else if(flag==1) sum+=x, x=0;
            }
            else if(str[i]>='a' && str[i]<='z')
            {
                if(flag==0) s[0]='+';
                else if(flag==1) s[0]='-';
                s[1]=str[i];
            }
        }
        if(s[0]=='-') sum=-sum;
        printf("%c = %d\n", s[1], sum);
    }
    return 0;
}