模板类和友元函数

• 程序

#ifndef MYTEST_H_INCLUDED
#define MYTEST_H_INCLUDED

#include <iostream>

template <typename Type1> void counts();
template <typename Type1> void result(Type1 &);

template <typename Type>//成员函数的定义前面才需要加
class Hasfriends
{
private:
    static int n;
    Type items;
public:
    Hasfriends(const Type & i):items(i) {n++;};
    ~Hasfriends() {n--;};
    friend void counts<Type>();//这里前面为什么没有加template我暂时也没搞懂
    friend void result< Hasfriends<Type> >(Hasfriends<Type> &);
};

template <typename Type>
int Hasfriends<Type>::n = 0;//静态数据成员初始化

template <typename Type1>
void counts()
{
    std::cout << "实例化模板类的数目：" << Hasfriends<Type1>::n << std::endl;
}

template <typename Type1>
void result(Type1 & hf)
{
    std::cout << "items = " << hf.items <<std::endl;
}

#endif // MYTEST_H_INCLUDED

• 主程序

#ifndef MYTEST_H_INCLUDED
#define MYTEST_H_INCLUDED

#include <iostream>

template <typename Type1> void counts();
template <typename Type1> void result(Type1 &);

template <typename Type>//成员函数的定义前面才需要加
class Hasfriends
{
private:
    static int n;
    Type items;
public:
    Hasfriends(const Type & i):items(i) {n++;};
    ~Hasfriends() {n--;};
    friend void counts<Type>();//这里前面为什么没有加template我暂时也没搞懂
    friend void result< Hasfriends<Type> >(Hasfriends<Type> &);
};

template <typename Type>
int Hasfriends<Type>::n = 0;//静态数据成员初始化

template <typename Type1>
void counts()
{
    std::cout << "实例化模板类的数目：" << Hasfriends<Type1>::n << std::endl;
}

template <typename Type1>
void result(Type1 & hf)
{
    std::cout << "items = " << hf.items <<std::endl;
}

#endif // MYTEST_H_INCLUDED