SpringMvc基础（四）：基本配置

 

1.基本配置包括：

（1）静态资源映射

（2）拦截器配置

（3）@ControllerAdvice

（4）其他配置

==>1)快捷的ViewController

==>2)路径匹配参数配置

2.静态资源映射

（1）程序的静态资源需要直接访问，可以在配置里继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter并重写addResourceHandlers

（2）示例

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;

/**
 * 视图解析器，SpringMVC实现ViewResolver，重写resolveViewName()，返回view.view用于使用model,request,response并将渲染的视图返回给浏览器
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7")
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
	@Bean
	public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver(){
		InternalResourceViewResolver internalResourceViewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
		internalResourceViewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/");
		internalResourceViewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
		internalResourceViewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
		return internalResourceViewResolver;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
		registry.addResourceHandler("/assets/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/assets/");
	}
}

3.拦截器配置

（1）实现对每一个请求处理前后进行相关的业务处理。可让普通的Bean实现HandlerInterceptor接口或者继承HandlerInterceptorAdapter类来实现自定义拦截器

（2）示例

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7.interceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;

public class DemoInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
	@Override
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		request.setAttribute("startTime", startTime);
		return true;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
			ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
		long startTime = (Long) request.getAttribute("startTime");
		request.removeAttribute("startTime");
		long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("本次请求处理时间为："+new Long(endTime-startTime)+"ms");
		request.setAttribute("handleTime", endTime-startTime);
	}

}

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;

import com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7.interceptor.DemoInterceptor;

/**
 * 视图解析器，SpringMVC实现ViewResolver，重写resolveViewName()，返回view.view用于使用model,request,response并将渲染的视图返回给浏览器
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7")
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
	@Bean
	public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver(){
		InternalResourceViewResolver internalResourceViewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
		internalResourceViewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/");
		internalResourceViewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
		internalResourceViewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
		return internalResourceViewResolver;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
		registry.addResourceHandler("/assets/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/assets/");
	}
	
	@Bean
	public DemoInterceptor demoInterceptor(){
		return new DemoInterceptor();
	}
	
	@Override
	public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
		registry.addInterceptor(demoInterceptor());
	}
}

4.@ControllerAdvice

通过@ControllerAdvice可以将对于控制器的全局配置放置在同一个位置。注解了@Controller的类的方法可使用@ExceptionHandler，@InitBinder，@ModelAttribute注解到方法上，这对所有注解了@RequestMapping的控制器内的方法有效。

@ExceptionHandler：用于全局处理控制器内的异常

@InitBinder：用于设置WebDataBinder。WebDataBinder用来自动绑定前台请求参数到Model中

@ModelAttribute：绑定键值对到Model。可让全局的@RequestMapping都能获得在此处设置的键值对

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7.advice;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequest;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionHandlerAdvice {
	
	@ExceptionHandler(value=Exception.class)
	public ModelAndView exception(Exception exception,WebRequest request){
		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("error");
		modelAndView.addObject("errorMessage", exception.getMessage());
		return modelAndView;
	}

	@ModelAttribute
	public void addAttributes(Model model){
		model.addAttribute("msg","额外信息");
	}
	
	@InitBinder
	public void initBinder(WebDataBinder webDataBinder){
		webDataBinder.setDisallowedFields("id");//忽略id
	}
	
}

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7.web.chi4_4;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.wisely.highlight_springmvc7.domain.DemoObj;

@Controller
public class AdviceController {

	@RequestMapping("/advice")
	public String getSomething(@ModelAttribute("msg") String msg,DemoObj obj){
		throw new IllegalArgumentException("非常抱歉，参数有误/"+"来自@ModelAttribute:"+msg);
	}
}

 

路径：hightlight_springmvc7\src\main\resources\views

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>@ControllerAdvice Demo</title>
</head>
<body>

<div>
${errorMessage }
</div>
</body>
</html>

测试：http://localhost:8080/highlight_springmvc7/advice?id=1&name=xx

注：如果输出结果原样输出，记得加上

<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>

 

5.其他配置

1）快捷的ViewController

还记得mvc系列里快速构建项目，有一个页面转向代码：

    @RequestMapping("/index")
	public String hello() {
		return "index";
	}

 开发中，这种转向会很多，这样写很麻烦，可以在配置中重写addViewControllers来简化配置

    @Override
	public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
		registry.addViewController("/index").setViewName("/index");
	}

 

2).路径匹配参数配置

路径参数如果带"."的话会忽略"."后面的值，如果不想忽略：

@Override
	public void configurePathMatch(PathMatchConfigurer configurer) {
		configurer.setUseSuffixPatternMatch(false);
	}