多线程自用

1.创建多线程的方式

继承Thread重写run()方法

//方式1
public class Demo1 extends Thread{
    
    //重写的是父类Thread的run()
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(getName()+"is running...");
    }
    
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Demo1 demo1 = new Demo1();
        Demo1 demo2 = new Demo1();
        demo1.start();
        demo2.start();
    }

2.实现runable接口

/**
 * 第二种创建启动线程的方式
 * 实现Runnale接口
 */
public class Demo2 implements Runnable{
 
    //重写的是Runnable接口的run()
	public void run() {
			System.out.println("implements Runnable is running");
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Demo2());
		Thread thread2 = new Thread(new Demo2());
		thread1.start();
		thread2.start();
	}
 
}

3.定时线程 

public class Demo3 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Timer timer = new Timer();
		timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println("定时任务延迟0(即立刻执行),每隔1000ms执行一次");
			}
		}, 0, 1000);
	}
	
}

 4.带有返回值的线程Callable

public class Demo4 implements Callable<String>{
 
	public String call() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("正在执行新建线程任务");
		Thread.sleep(2000);
		return "新建线程睡了2s后返回执行结果";
	}
 
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
		Demo4 d = new Demo4();
		//call()只是线程任务,对线程任务进行封装
		FutureTask<String> task = new FutureTask<>(d);
		Thread t = new Thread(task);
		t.start();
		System.out.println("提前完成任务...");
		//获取任务执行后返回的结果
		String result = task.get();
		System.out.println("线程执行结果为"+result);
	}
	
}

 5.线程池

public class Demo5 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//创建带有5个线程的线程池
		//返回的实际上是ExecutorService,而ExecutorService是Executor的子接口
		Executor threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
		for(int i = 0 ;i < 10 ; i++) {
			threadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
				public void run() {
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is running");
				}
			});
		}
		
	}
}

 线程池总共有几种线程池

Java通过Executors提供四种线程池，分别为：
newCachedThreadPool创建一个可缓存线程池，如果线程池长度超过处理需要，可灵活回收空闲线程，若无可回收，则新建线程

public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {
     public static void main(String[]  args ) {
        ExecutorService cacheThreadPool =Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
         for(int i =1;i<=5;i++){
             final int index=i ;
             try{
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }catch(InterruptedException  e ) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
            }
             cacheThreadPool.execute(new Runnable(){
                 @Override
                 public void run() {
                    System.out.println("第" +index +"个线程" +Thread.currentThread().getName());    
                }    
            });
        }
    }
}

newFixedThreadPool创建一个定长线程池，可控制线程最大并发数，超出的线程会在队列中等待

public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService  fixedThreadPool =Executors. newFixedThreadPool(3);
         for (int i =1; i<=5;i++){
             final int index=i ;
             fixedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable(){
                 @Override
                 public void run() {
                     try {
                        System.out.println("第" +index + "个线程" +Thread.currentThread().getName());
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    }  catch(InterruptedException  e ) {
                         e .printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

            });
        }
    }
}

newScheduledThreadPool创建一个定长线程池，支持定时和周期性任务执行

//延迟执行示例代码：

public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ScheduledExecutorService scheduledThreadPool= Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(3);      
        scheduledThreadPool.schedule(newRunnable(){         
            @Override 
            public void run() {
             System.out.println("延迟三秒");
             }
      }, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }
}


//表示延迟3秒执行。

//定期执行示例代码：


public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {   
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ScheduledExecutorService scheduledThreadPool= Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(3);       
    scheduledThreadPool.scheduleAtFixedRate(newRunnable(){        
        @Override            
        public void run() {
             System.out.println("延迟1秒后每三秒执行一次");
          }
     },1,3,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
 }

}

//表示延迟1秒后每3秒执行一次。

newSingleThreadExecutor创建一个单线程化的线程池，它只会用唯一的工作线程来执行任务，保证所有任务按照指定顺序（FIFO，LIFO，优先级）执行。

public class ThreadPoolExecutorTest {   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService singleThreadPool= Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();       
        for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){           
            int index=i;           
        singleThreadPool.execute(new Runnable(){
              @Override
              public void run() {                  
                try{
                 System.out.println("第"+index+"个线程");
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                 }catch(InterruptedException e) {                        
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }  });
        }
    }
}