编程事务实现:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itmayiedu"></context:component-scan>
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy> <!-- 开启事物注解 -->
<!-- 1. 数据源对象: C3P0连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2. JdbcTemplate工具类实例 -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置事务 -->
<bean id="dataSourceTransactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 开启注解事物 -->
<!--<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager" -->/>
</beans>
@Component
public class TransactionUtils {
@Autowired
private DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager;
// 开启事务
public TransactionStatus begin() {
TransactionStatus transaction = dataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction(new DefaultTransactionAttribute());
return transaction;
}
// 提交事务
public void commit(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {
dataSourceTransactionManager.commit(transactionStatus);
}
// 回滚事务
public void rollback(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {
dataSourceTransactionManager.rollback(transactionStatus);
}
}
public class UserDao {
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public void add(String name, Integer age) {
String sql = "INSERT INTO users(NAME, age) VALUES(?,?);";
int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, name, age);
System.out.println("insertResult:" + update);
}
}
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Autowired
private TransactionUtils transactionUtils;
public void add() {
TransactionStatus transactionStatus = null;
try {
transactionStatus = transactionUtils.begin();
userDao.add("wangmazi", 27);
int i = 1 / 0;
System.out.println("我是add方法");
userDao.add("zhangsan", 16);
transactionUtils.commit(transactionStatus);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (transactionStatus != null) {
transactionStatus.rollbackToSavepoint(transactionStatus);
}
}
}
}
AOP技术封装手动事务:
@Component
@Aspect
public class AopTransaction {
@Autowired
private TransactionUtils transactionUtils;
// // 异常通知
@AfterThrowing("execution(* com.itmayiedu.service.UserService.add(..))")
public void afterThrowing() {
System.out.println("程序已经回滚");
// 获取程序当前事务 进行回滚
TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
}
// 环绕通知
@Around("execution(* com.itmayiedu.service.UserService.add(..))")
public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("开启事务");
TransactionStatus begin = transactionUtils.begin();
proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
transactionUtils.commit(begin);
System.out.println("提交事务");
}
}
如果使用了try捕获异常时.一定要在catch里面手动回滚。
事务手动回滚代码
TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
声明事务实现:
管理建立在AOP之上的。其本质是对方法前后进行拦截,然后在目标方法开始之前创建或者加入一个事务,在执行完目标方法之后根据执行情况提交或者回滚事务。声明式事务最大的优点就是不需要通过编程的方式管理事务,这样就不需要在业务逻辑代码中掺杂事务管理的代码,只需在配置文件中做相关的事务规则声明(或通过基于@Transactional注解的方式),便可以将事务规则应用到业务逻辑中。
显然声明式事务管理要优于编程式事务管理,这正是spring倡导的非侵入式的开发方式。
声明式事务管理使业务代码不受污染,一个普通的POJO对象,只要加上注解就可以获得完全的事务支持。和编程式事务相比,声明式事务唯一不足地方是,后者的最细粒度只能作用到方法级别,无法做到像编程式事务那样可以作用到代码块级别。但是即便有这样的需求,也存在很多变通的方法,比如,可以将需要进行事务管理的代码块独立为方法等等。
配置:
<!-- 开启注解事物 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager" />
用法:@Transactional
手写Spring注解版本事务:
实现自定义注解
元注解的作用就是负责注解其他注解。Java5.0定义了4个标准的meta-annotation类型,它们被用来提供对其它 annotation类型作说明。Java5.0定义的元注解:
@Target
@Target说明了Annotation所修饰的对象范围:Annotation可被用于 packages、types(类、接口、枚举、Annotation类型)、类型成员(方法、构造方法、成员变量、枚举值)、方法参数和本地变量(如循环变量、catch参数)。在Annotation类型的声明中使用了target可更加明晰其修饰的目标。
1.CONSTRUCTOR:用于描述构造器
2.FIELD:用于描述域
3.LOCAL_VARIABLE:用于描述局部变量
4.METHOD:用于描述方法
5.PACKAGE:用于描述包
6.PARAMETER:用于描述参数
7.TYPE:用于描述类、接口(包括注解类型) 或enum声明
2.@Retention
表示需要在什么级别保存该注释信息,用于描述注解的生命周期(即:被描述的注解在什么范围内有效)
3.@Documented
4.@Inherited
使用@interface 定义注解。
自定义注解案例:
/**
* 自定义注解
*
* @author 孙一鸣 on 2020/2/27
* @interface 定义注解
*/
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface MyAnnotation {
int userId() default 0;
String userName() default "默认名称";
String[] arrs();
}
如何通过反射获取注解信息:
/**
* @author 孙一鸣 on 2020/2/27
* 测试注解
*/
public class User {
@MyAnnotation(userId = 1, userName = "孙一", arrs = {"1"})
public void add() {
}
public void del() {
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
//如何获取注解信息? --- 反射
Class<?> UserClass = Class.forName("Annotation.User");
//获取当前类 不包括父类的所有方法
Method[] methods = UserClass.getDeclaredMethods();
for (Method method : methods) {
//获取该方法是否有注解
MyAnnotation myAnnotation = method.getDeclaredAnnotation(MyAnnotation.class);
if (myAnnotation == null) {
System.out.println(method.getName() + "该方法上没有注解...");
continue;
}
System.out.println("userID " + myAnnotation.userId());
System.out.println("userName " + myAnnotation.userName());
System.out.println("arrs " + myAnnotation.arrs().toString());
}
}
}
手写Spring事务注解思路:
代码实现:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>newSpring</groupId>
<artifactId>Annotation</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.sym"></context:component-scan>
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy> <!-- 开启AOP注解 -->
<!-- 1. 数据源对象: C3P0连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="123456"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2. JdbcTemplate工具类实例 -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置事务 -->
<bean id="dataSourceTransactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 开启注解事物 -->
<!-- <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager" />-->
</beans>
package com.sym.aop;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
//自定义事务注解
@Target(value = { ElementType.METHOD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ExtTransaction {
}
package com.sym.aop;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.DefaultTransactionAttribute;
//编程事务(需要手动begin 手动回滚 手都提交)
@Component()
@Scope("prototype") // 设置成原型解决线程安全
public class TransactionUtils {
private TransactionStatus transactionStatus;
// 获取事务源
@Autowired
private DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager;
// 开启事务
public TransactionStatus begin() {
transactionStatus = dataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction(new DefaultTransactionAttribute());
return transactionStatus;
}
// 提交事务
public void commit(TransactionStatus transaction) {
dataSourceTransactionManager.commit(transaction);
}
// 回滚事务
public void rollback() {
System.out.println("rollback");
dataSourceTransactionManager.rollback(transactionStatus);
}
}
package com.sym.aop;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport;
@Component
@Aspect
public class AopExtTransaction {
@Autowired
private TransactionUtils transactionUtils;
@AfterThrowing("execution(public void com.sym.dao.UserDao.*(..))")
public void afterThrowing() throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
// isRollback(proceedingJoinPoint);
System.out.println("程序发生异常");
// TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
// TransactionStatus currentTransactionStatus =
// TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus();
// System.out.println("currentTransactionStatus:" +
// currentTransactionStatus);
transactionUtils.rollback();
}
// // 环绕通知 在方法之前和之后处理事情
@Around("execution(public void com.sym.dao.UserDao.*(..))")
public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
// 调用方法之前执行
TransactionStatus transactionStatus = begin(proceedingJoinPoint);
proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();// 代理调用方法 注意点: 如果调用方法抛出异常不会执行后面代码
// 调用方法之后执行
commit(transactionStatus);
}
public TransactionStatus begin(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
// // 判断是否有自定义事务注解
ExtTransaction declaredAnnotation = getExtTransaction(pjp);
if (declaredAnnotation == null) {
return null;
}
// 如果有自定义事务注解,开启事务
System.out.println("开启事务");
TransactionStatus transactionStatu = transactionUtils.begin();
return transactionStatu;
}
public void commit(TransactionStatus transactionStatu) {
if (transactionStatu != null) {
// 提交事务
System.out.println("提交事务");
transactionUtils.commit(transactionStatu);
}
}
public ExtTransaction getExtTransaction(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
// 获取方法名称
String methodName = pjp.getSignature().getName();
// 获取目标对象
Class<?> classTarget = pjp.getTarget().getClass();
// 获取目标对象类型
Class<?>[] par = ((MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature()).getParameterTypes();
// 获取目标对象方法
Method objMethod = classTarget.getMethod(methodName, par);
// // 判断是否有自定义事务注解
ExtTransaction declaredAnnotation = objMethod.getDeclaredAnnotation(ExtTransaction.class);
if (declaredAnnotation == null) {
System.out.println("您的方法上,没有加入注解!");
return null;
}
return declaredAnnotation;
}
// 回滚事务
public void isRollback(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
// // 判断是否有自定义事务注解
ExtTransaction declaredAnnotation = getExtTransaction(pjp);
if (declaredAnnotation != null) {
System.out.println("已经开始回滚事务");
// 获取当前事务 直接回滚
TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
return;
}
}
}