stoi()函数

int  stoi( const std::string& str, std::size_t* pos = 0, int base = 10 ); 

作用：
将 n 进制的字符串转化为十进制

用法：
stoi（字符串，起始位置，n进制），将 n 进制的字符串转化为十进制

示例：
stoi(str, 0, 2); //将字符串 str 从 0 位置开始到末尾的 2 进制转换为十进制

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
 
int main()
{
    std::string str1 = "45";
    std::string str2 = "3.14159";
    std::string str3 = "31337 with words";
    std::string str4 = "words and 2";
 
    int myint1 = std::stoi(str1);
    int myint2 = std::stoi(str2);
    int myint3 = std::stoi(str3);
    // error: 'std::invalid_argument'
    // int myint4 = std::stoi(str4);
 
    std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str1 << "\") is " << myint1 << '\n';
    std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str2 << "\") is " << myint2 << '\n';
    std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str3 << "\") is " << myint3 << '\n';
    //std::cout << "std::stoi(\"" << str4 << "\") is " << myint4 << '\n';
}

std::stoi("45") is 45
std::stoi("3.14159") is 3
std::stoi("31337 with words") is 31337