equals()

     boolean result;
     Integer a = 99;
     Integer b = 99;
     result = a == b;
     System.out.println("Integer a=99 is == Integer b = 99:" + result);
     Integer c = 128;
     Integer d = 128;
     result = c == d;
     System.out.println("Integer c=128 is == Integer d=128:" + result);
     Integer e = 99;
     Integer f = new Integer(99);
     result = e == f;
     System.out.println("Integer e=99 is == Integer f=new Integer(99):" + result);
     Integer g = 128;
     Integer h = new Integer(128);
     result = g == h;
     System.out.println("Integer g=128 is == Integer h = new Integer(128): " + result);
     Integer i = new Integer(99);
     Integer j = new Integer(99);
     result = i == j;
     System.out.println("Integer i=new Integer(99) is == j=new Integer(99):" + result);
     Integer k = 128;
     int l = 128;
     result = k == l;
     System.out.println("Integer k = 128 is == int 1 = 128:" + result);
     结果
     Integer a=99 is == Integer b = 99:true
     Integer c=128 is == Integer d=128:false
     Integer e=99 is == Integer f=new Integer(99):false
     Integer g=128 is == Integer h = new Integer(128): false
     Integer i=new Integer(99) is == j=new Integer(99):false
     Integer k = 128 is == int 1 = 128:true  

对于Integer a = 99的这种直接赋值，jvm会编译优化成Interger.valueOf(99)。

    cache区间-128到127
    public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
        if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
            return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
        return new Integer(i);
    }

    String a = "this";
    String b = "this";
    System.out.println("字符串:" + (a == b));//放在常量池
    String c = new String("is");
    String d = new String("is");
    System.out.println("new:" + (c == d));
    String e = new String("a").intern();//将对象放进常量池里
    String f = new String("a").intern();
    System.out.println("new-intern:" + (e == f));
    String g = new String("test");
    String h = new String("test");
    System.out.println("equals:" + g.equals(h));
   结果
   字符串:true
   new:false
   new-intern:true
   equals:true

String类的设计，也借鉴了Integer的cache缓存，java的设计之初就是为了节省内存的，所String对象也是有常量池的。
通过String.intern()这种方式，是强制将对象放到字符串常量池里，所以通过这种方式，对于同一个字符串，返回的结果一定是true。这里要注意string.intern)也不能滥用，因为字符串常量表是用map来维护的，而且map是有固定容量的，所以对象如果太多的话, map中每个index下的值会退化成一个比较长的链表，查询效率大大下降。所以使用intern的字符串对象太多的话，效率反而不高。