JAVA实现在web网页注册的邮件发送

本篇博客是实现对QQ邮箱邮件的发送

发送一个纯文本的邮件

1、首先，手动导入两个jar包，分别为activation.jar与mail.jar
2、编写发送邮件的工具类

package org.westos.utils;


import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import org.westos.pojo.User;

import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;

public class SendMail extends Thread{
    //发件人
    private  String emailFrom = "xxxxxxxx@qq.com";
    //发件人信息
    private  String FromUserInfo = "xxxxxxxx@qq.com";
    //邮箱密码
    private  String password = "此处为你的QQ邮箱开启POP3/SMTP服务后生成的授权码，详细获取过程可留言询问";
    //邮件发送的服务器地址
    private  String host = "smtp.qq.com";
    public SendMail(User user){
        this.user = user;
    }
    //收件人信息
    private User user;

    //在run方法中发送邮件给指定的用户
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties properties = new Properties();
            properties.setProperty("mail.host",host);
            properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");
            properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");

            //设置SSL加密
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

            //1、创建一个session会话对象
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
                @Override
                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    return new PasswordAuthentication("xxxxxxxx@qq.com","qq邮箱授权码");
                }
            });
            //开启Session的debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
            session.setDebug(true);
            //2、连接服务器,通过Session对象获得Transport
            Transport tp = session.getTransport();

            //3、连接服务器,需要抛出异常
            tp.connect("smtp.qq.com","xxxxxxxx@qq.com","qq邮箱授权码");

            //4、创建邮件
            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(emailFrom)); //发件人
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail())); //收件人
            message.setSubject("用户注册邮件"); //邮件的标题

            String info = "恭喜您注册成功，您的用户名：" + user.getUsername() + ",您的密码：" + user.getPassword() + "，请妥善保管，如有问题请联系网站客服!!";

            message.setContent(info, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            message.saveChanges();
            //5、发送邮件
            tp.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());
            //6、关闭连接
            tp.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }
}

3、用户实体类

package org.westos.pojo;

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String password, String email) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

4、Servlet类

package org.westos.servlet;

import org.westos.pojo.User;
import org.westos.utils.SendMail;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RegisterServlet extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
        try {
            String username = request.getParameter("username");
            String password = request.getParameter("password");
            String email = request.getParameter("email");
            User user = new User(username, password, email);

            //用户注册成功之后，给用户发送一封邮件
            //我们使用线程来专门发送邮件，防止出现耗时，和网站注册人数过多的情况；
            SendMail send = new SendMail(user);
            //启动线程，发送邮件
            send.start();

            //注册用户
            request.setAttribute("message","注册成功，我们已经发了一封带了注册信息的电子邮件，请查收");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("register.jsp").forward(request,response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            request.setAttribute("message","注册失败！");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }

    }
}

5、注册jsp并配置web.xml

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>注册界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/RegisterServlet.do" method="post">
    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>密码：<input type="password" name="password"></p>
    <p>邮箱: <input type="text" name="email"></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="注册"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.westos.servlet.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/RegisterServlet.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

然后测试
首先打开注册界面
收到邮件

发送带图片、附件的邮件

package org.anye.utils;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class SendFileMail {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {
        //创建一个配置文件保存 并读取信息
        Properties properties = new Properties();

        //设置QQ邮箱服务器
        properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");
        //设置发送的协议
        properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocal","smtp");
        //设置用户是否需要验证
        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");

        //QQ邮箱的特性：需要建立一个安全的链接，要设置SSL加密
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

        //------------准备工作完毕----------------

        //1、创建一个session会话对象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication("xxxxxxxx@qq.com", "qq邮箱识别码");
            }
        });
        //通过session开启debug模式，查看所有的过程
        session.setDebug(true);

        //2、获取对象连接，通过session对象获得Transport，需要捕获或者抛出异常；
        Transport tp = session.getTransport();

        //3、连接服务器，需要抛出异常
        tp.connect("smtp.qq.com","xxxxxxxx@qq.com","qq邮箱识别码");

        //4、连接上之后我们发送邮件,编写一个发送邮件的方法并调用
        imageMail(session);
    }

    private static MimeMessage imageMail(Session session) throws MessagingException{
        //消息的固定信息
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);

        //邮件发送人
        mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("xxxxxxxx@qq.com"));
        //邮件接收人，可以同时发给多人
        mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("xxxxxxxxxqq.com"));
        //邮件主题
        mimeMessage.setSubject("这是一个主题");

        //编写邮件内容 包括 图片、附件、文本

        //图片
        MimeBodyPart body1 = new MimeBodyPart();
        body1.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("web/src/resources/a.png")));
        body1.setContentID("a.png");//图片设置ID

        //文本
        MimeBodyPart body2 = new MimeBodyPart();
        body2.setContent("这有一张壁纸<img src='cid:a.png'>","text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //附件
        MimeBodyPart body3 = new MimeBodyPart();
        body3.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("web/src/resources/b.properties")));
        body3.setFileName("b.properties"); //附件设置名字

        //附件
        MimeBodyPart body4= new MimeBodyPart();
        body3.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("web/src/resources/c.txt")));
        body3.setFileName("c.txt");

        //拼装邮件正文内容
        MimeMultipart multipart1 = new MimeMultipart();
        multipart1.addBodyPart(body1);
        multipart1.addBodyPart(body2);
        multipart1.setSubType("related");

        //new MimeBodyPart().setContent(multipart1); //将拼装好的正文内容设置为主体
        MimeBodyPart contentText =  new MimeBodyPart();
        contentText.setContent(multipart1);

        //拼接附件
        MimeMultipart allFile =new MimeMultipart();
        allFile.addBodyPart(body3); //附件
        allFile.addBodyPart(body4); //附件
        allFile.addBodyPart(contentText);//正文
        allFile.setSubType("mixed"); //正文和附件都存在邮件中，所有类型设置为mixed；

        //放到Message消息中
        mimeMessage.setContent(allFile);
        mimeMessage.saveChanges();//保存修改
        return mimeMessage;
    }
}