STL的一些扩充内容（简）

不同容器间操作，与显示屏间操作，反转操作等。

copy(): 接收三个参数，前两个迭代器参数表示要复制的范围，最后一个迭代器参数表示要将第一个元素复制到什么位置。

//copy() and iterators
#include<iostream>
#include<iterator>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int casts[10] = { 6,7,2,9,4,11,8,7,10,5 };
	vector<int> dice(10);
	//copy from array to vector
	copy(casts, casts + 10, dice.begin());
	cout << "Let the dice be cast!\n";
	//create an ostream iterator
	ostream_iterator<int, char>out_iter(cout, " ");
	//copy from vector to output
	copy(dice.begin(), dice.end(), out_iter);
	cout << endl;
	//reverse 反序
	cout << "Implicit use of reverse iterator.\n";
	copy(dice.rbegin(), dice.rend(), out_iter);
	cout << endl;
	cout << "Explicit use of reverse iterator.\n";
	vector<int>::reverse_iterator ri;
	for (ri = dice.rbegin();ri != dice.rend();++ri)
		cout << *ri << " ";
	cout << endl;
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

三种插入迭代器：

back_insert_iterator: 将元素插入到容器尾部

front_insert_iterator: 将元素插入到容器前端

insert_iterator: 将元素插入到指定位置前面

//insert
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<iterator>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
void output(const string& s) { cout << s << " "; }
int main()
{
	string s1[4] = { "fine","fish","fashion","fate" };
	string s2[2] = { "busy", "bats" };
	string s3[2] = { "silly","singers" };
	vector<string> words(4);
	copy(s1, s1 + 4, words.begin());
	for_each(words.begin(), words.end(), output);
	cout << endl;
	//construct anonymous back_insert_interator object
	//不会存在内存溢出的问题
	copy(s2, s2 + 2, back_inserter<vector<string>>(words));
	for_each(words.begin(), words.end(), output);
	cout << endl;
	//construct anonymous insert_iterator object
	copy(s3, s3 + 2, insert_iterator<vector<string>>(words, words.begin()));
	for_each(words.begin(), words.end(), output);
	cout << endl;
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}