数据结构探险（线性表篇）

一、线性表的概念及工作原理

线性表是N个数据元素的有限序列

二、顺序表的基本操作实战

//在List.h文件中
#ifndef LIST_H
#define LIST_H

class List
{
public:
	List(int size);
	~List();
	void ClearList();
	bool ListEmpty();
	int ListLength();
	bool GetElem(int i,int *e);
	int LocateElem(int *e);
	bool PriorElem(int *currentElem, int *preElem);
	bool NextElem(int *currentElem, int *nextElem);
	void ListTraverse();
	bool ListInsert(int i, int *e);
	bool ListDelete(int i, int*e);
private:
	int *m_pList;
	int m_iSize;
	int m_iLength;
};

#endif // !LIST_H

//List.cpp文件中
#include "List.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

List::List(int size)
{
	m_iSize = size;
	m_pList = new int[m_iSize];
	m_iLength = 0;
}

List::~List()
{
	delete[]m_pList;
	m_pList = NULL;
}

void List::ClearList()
{
	m_iLength = 0;
}

bool List::ListEmpty()
{
	if (m_iLength == 0)
		return true;
	return false;
}

int List::ListLength()
{
	return m_iLength;
}

bool List::GetElem(int i, int *e)
{
	if (i < 0 || i < m_iSize)
	{
		return false;
	}
	*e = m_pList[i];
	return true;
}
int List::LocateElem(int *e)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < m_iLength; i++)
	{
		if (*e == m_pList[i])
		{
			return i;
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

bool List::PriorElem(int *currentElem, int *preElem)
{
	int temp = LocateElem(currentElem);
	if (temp == -1)
	{
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		if (temp == 0)
		{
			return false;
		}
		else 
		{
			*preElem = m_pList[temp - 1];
			return true;
		}
	}
}

bool List::NextElem(int *currentElem, int *nextElem)
{
	int temp = LocateElem(currentElem);
	if (temp == -1)
	{
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		if (temp == m_iLength-1)
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			*nextElem = m_pList[temp + 1];
			return true;
		}
	}
}
void List::ListTraverse()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < m_iLength; i++)
	{
		cout << m_pList[i] << endl;
	}
}

bool List::ListInsert(int i, int *e)
{
	if (i<0 || i>m_iLength)
		return false;
	for (int k = m_iLength-1; k >= i; k--)
	{
		m_pList[k + 1] = m_pList[k];
	}
	m_pList[i] = *e;
	m_iLength++;
	return true;
}

bool List::ListDelete(int i, int*e)
{
	if (i < 0 || i >= m_iLength)
		return false;
	*e = m_pList[i];
	for (int k = i + 1; k < m_iLength; k++)
	{
		m_pList[k-1] = m_pList[k];
	}
	m_iLength--;
	return true;
}

三、链表的基本操作实战

//List.h文件
#ifndef LIST_H
#define LIST_H

#include"Node.h"

class LinkList
{
public:
	LinkList();//构造函数
	~LinkList();//析构函数
	void ClearList();//清空链表
	bool ListEmpty();//链表判空
	int ListLength();//链表长度
	bool GetElem(int i, Node *pNode);//获取指定索引的元素
	int LocateElem(Node *pNode);//获取指定元素的索引
	bool PriorElem(Node *pCurrentNode, Node *pPreNode);//获取前驱结点
	bool NextElem(Node *pCurrentNode, Node *pNextNode);//获取后继结点
	void ListTraverse();//遍历
	bool ListInsert(int i, Node *pNode);//插入元素
	bool ListDelete(int i, Node *pNode);//删除元素
	bool ListInsertHead(Node *pNode);//在头结点后面插入元素
	bool ListInsertTail(Node *pNode);//在尾结点后面插入元素
private:
	Node *m_pList;
	int m_iLength;
};


#endif // !LIST_H

//List.cpp文件
#include"List.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

LinkList::LinkList()
{
	m_pList = new Node;
	m_pList->data = 0;
	m_pList->next = NULL;
	m_iLength = 0;
}

LinkList::~LinkList()
{
	ClearList();
	delete m_pList;
	m_pList = NULL;
}

void LinkList::ClearList()
{
	Node *currentNode = m_pList->next;
	while (currentNode != NULL)
	{
		Node *temp = currentNode->next;
		delete currentNode;
		currentNode = temp;
	}
	m_pList->next = NULL;
}

bool LinkList::ListEmpty()
{
	if (m_iLength == 0)
	{
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}
int LinkList::ListLength()
{
	return m_iLength;
}
bool LinkList::ListInsertHead(Node *pNode)
{
	Node *temp = m_pList->next;
	Node *newNode = new Node;
	if (newNode == NULL) //判断申请的结点内存是否为空
	{
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		newNode->data = pNode->data;
		m_pList->next = newNode;
		newNode->next = temp;
		m_iLength++;
		return true;
	}
}

bool LinkList::ListInsertTail(Node *pNode)
{
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	while (currentNode->next != NULL)
	{
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
	}
	Node *newNode = new Node;
	if (newNode == NULL)
	{
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		newNode->data = pNode->data;
		newNode->next = NULL;
		currentNode->next = newNode;
		m_iLength++;
		return true;
	}
}

bool LinkList::ListInsert(int i, Node *pNode)
{
	if (i<0 || i>m_iLength)
	{
		return false;
	}
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	for (int k = 0; k < i; k++)
	{
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
	}
	Node *newNode = new Node;
	if (newNode == NULL) //判断申请的结点内存是否为空
	{
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		newNode->data = pNode->data;
		newNode->next = currentNode->next;
		currentNode->next = newNode;
		return true;
	}
}

bool LinkList::ListDelete(int i, Node *pNode)
{
	if (i<0 || i >= m_iLength)
	{
		return false;
	}
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	Node *currentNodeBefore = NULL;
	for (int k = 0; k <= i; k++)
	{
		currentNodeBefore = currentNode;
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
	}
	currentNodeBefore->next = currentNode->next;
	pNode->data = currentNode->data;
	delete currentNode;
	currentNode = NULL;
	m_iLength--;
	return true;
}

bool LinkList::GetElem(int i, Node *pNode)
{
	if (i<0 || i >= m_iLength)
	{
		return false;
	}
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	Node *currentNodeBefore = NULL;
	for (int k = 0; k <= i; k++)
	{
		currentNodeBefore = currentNode;
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
	}
	pNode->data = currentNode->data;
	return true;
}

int LinkList::LocateElem(Node *pNode)
{
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	int count = 0;
	while (currentNode->next != NULL)
	{
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
		if (currentNode->data == pNode->data)
		{
			return count;
		}
		count++;
	}
	return -1;
}

bool LinkList::PriorElem(Node *pCurrentNode, Node *pPreNode)
{
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	Node *tempNode = NULL;
	int count = 0;
	while (currentNode->next != NULL)
	{
		tempNode = currentNode;
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
		if (currentNode->data == pCurrentNode->data)
		{
			if (tempNode == m_pList)
			{
				return false;
			}
			pPreNode->data = tempNode->data;
			return true;
		}
	}
	return false;
}

bool LinkList::NextElem(Node *pCurrentNode, Node *pNextNode)
{
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	while (currentNode->next != NULL)
	{
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
		if (currentNode->data == pCurrentNode->data)
		{
			if (currentNode->next == NULL)
			{
				return false;
			}
			pNextNode->data = currentNode->next->data;
			return true;
		}
	}
}

void LinkList::ListTraverse()
{
	Node *currentNode = m_pList;
	while (currentNode->next != NULL)
	{
		currentNode = currentNode->next;
		currentNode->printNode();
	}
}

//node.cpp文件
#include"Node.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

void Node::printNode()
{
	cout << data << endl;
}

//node.h文件
#ifndef NODE_H
#define NODE_H

class Node
{
public:
	int data;
	Node* next;
	void printNode();
};


#endif // !NODE_H

//demo.cpp文件
#include"List.h"
#include "Node.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
	Node node1;
	node1.data = 3;
	Node node2;
	node2.data = 4;
	Node node3;
	node3.data = 5;
	Node node4;
	node4.data = 6;

	Node node5;
	node5.data = 7;

	Node temp;

	LinkList *pList = new LinkList();
	//pList->ListInsertHead(&node1);
	//pList->ListInsertHead(&node2);
	//pList->ListInsertHead(&node3);
	//pList->ListInsertHead(&node4);

	pList->ListInsertTail(&node1);
	pList->ListInsertTail(&node2);
	pList->ListInsertTail(&node3);
	pList->ListInsertTail(&node4);

	pList->ListInsert(1, &node5);
	//pList->ListDelete(1, &temp);
	pList->NextElem(&node5, &temp);
	pList->ListTraverse();
	cout << "temp=" << temp.data << endl;
	delete pList;
	pList = NULL;
	return 0;
}

四、链表应用——通讯录