文章目录
Unix环境高级编程(第3版)环境搭建
在配置Unix环境高级编程环境的过程中,笔者遇到了不少的困难。为了不负韶华,特地记载配置环境过程中遇到的错误。
1. 预准备
- 系统版本:Ubuntu 18.04
- 源码下载:http://www.apuebook.com
2. 配置步骤
-
解压文件:
tar -zxvf src.3e.tar.gz
-
切换目录至apue.3e,并编译make:
cd apue.3e make
-
把静态库复制到系统目录上:
sudo cp include/apue.h /usr/include/ sudo cp lib/error.c /usr/include/ sudo cp lib/libapue.a /usr/lib
-
测试,编译测试文件:
gcc ***.c -o *** -l apue
3. 遇到的错误与解决方法
3.1 -lbsd not find
bug描述:
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lbsd
解决方案:
安装libbsd-dev库
sudo apt-get install libbsd-dev
3.2 devrdev.c:(.text+0xc5): undefined reference to `minor’
bug描述:
cc -ansi -I../include -Wall -DLINUX -D_GNU_SOURCE devrdev.c -o devrdev -L../lib -lapue
devrdev.c: In function ‘main’:
devrdev.c:19:25: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘major’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
19 | printf("dev = %d/%d", major(buf.st_dev), minor(buf.st_dev));
| ^~~~~
devrdev.c:19:45: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘minor’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
19 | printf("dev = %d/%d", major(buf.st_dev), minor(buf.st_dev));
| ^~~~~
/usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccftLgS4.o: in function `main':
devrdev.c:(.text+0xc5): undefined reference to `minor'
/usr/bin/ld: devrdev.c:(.text+0xdb): undefined reference to `major'
/usr/bin/ld: devrdev.c:(.text+0x128): undefined reference to `minor'
/usr/bin/ld: devrdev.c:(.text+0x13e): undefined reference to `major'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: *** [Makefile:18: devrdev] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/.../apue.3e/filedir'
make: *** [Makefile:6: all] Error 1
解决方案:
# 解决方案1:在devrdev.c文件加上 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
# 解决方案2:编辑 Makefile,去掉 filedir
# 笔者使用方案1起效,没试过方案2的效果
3.3 ‘FILE’ {aka ‘struct _IO_FILE’} has no member named ‘__pad’; did you mean ‘__pad5’?
bug描述:
buf.c:104:13: note: in expansion of macro ‘_flag’
return(fp->_flag & _IOLBF);
^~~~~
buf.c: In function ‘buffer_size’:
buf.c:92:15: error: ‘FILE’ {aka ‘struct _IO_FILE’} has no member named ‘__pad’; did you mean ‘__pad5’?
#define _base __pad[2]
^~~~~
buf.c:111:13: note: in expansion of macro ‘_base’
return(fp->_base - fp->_ptr);
^~~~~
buf.c:91:14: error: ‘FILE’ {aka ‘struct _IO_FILE’} has no member named ‘__pad’; did you mean ‘__pad5’?
#define _ptr __pad[1]
^~~~~
buf.c:111:25: note: in expansion of macro ‘_ptr’
return(fp->_base - fp->_ptr);
^~~~
buf.c: In function ‘is_unbuffered’:
buf.c:99:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
}
^
buf.c: In function ‘is_linebuffered’:
buf.c:105:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
}
^
buf.c: In function ‘buffer_size’:
buf.c:115:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
}
解决方案:
修改 ./stdio/buf.c 文件
# 注释调前五行(ifdef到endif)
# return(fp->_flag & _IONBF); 修改为 return(fp->_flags & _IONBF);
# return(fp->_base - fp->_ptr); 修改为 return(fp->_IO_buf_end - fp->_IO_buf_base);
修改后的文件如下:
/*
#ifdef _LP64
#define _flags __pad[4]
#define _ptr __pad[1]
#define _base __pad[2]
#endif
*/
int
is_unbuffered(FILE *fp)
{
return(fp->_flags & _IONBF);
}
int
is_linebuffered(FILE *fp)
{
return(fp->_flags & _IOLBF);
}
int
buffer_size(FILE *fp)
{
#ifdef _LP64
return(fp->_IO_buf_end - fp->_IO_buf_base);
#else
return(BUFSIZ); /* just a guess */
#endif
}
3.4 undefined reference to ‘err_quit’
bug描述:
undefined reference to 'err_quit'
解决方案:
把 #include “error.c” 添加到 /include/apue.h文件中,在编译时需要静态链接到apue库。
#include "error.c"
gcc ***.c -o *** -l apue
3.5 注意事项
在修改错误后,重新make之前要记得先删除make产生的文件。
make clean && make
参考资料
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