如何破解单例模式，如何防止破解

1. 破解单例模式

  可以通过反射和反序列化的方式来破解除枚举方式以外的单例模式。

2. 如何防止破解

2.1 对于反序列化方式

  在单例模式下，添加一个readResolve()方法，在方法体里返回这个对象。在反序列化时，会自动调用这个方法，从而避免了生成新的对象。

示例：

public class Singleton implements Serializable {
	
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private Singleton(){
		
	}
	
	private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();;
	
	public static Singleton getInstance(){
		return instance;
	}
	
	//在序列化时会自动调用该方法
	/*private Object readResolve(){
		return instance;
	}*/
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException{
		Singleton instance1 = Singleton.getInstance();
		
		//序列表
		FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\aa.txt");
		ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
		oos.writeObject(instance1);
		oos.close();
		
		//反序列化
		FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("E:\\aa.txt");
		ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
		Singleton instance2 = (Singleton)ois.readObject();
		
		System.out.println(instance1==instance2);
	}
}

2.2 对于反射放式

  对于反射，只需要在构造方法中添加判断来达到防止反射生成新对象

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

public class Singleton2 {	
	private Singleton2(){
		if(instance!=null){
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
	}
	private static final Singleton2 instance = new Singleton2();	
	public static Singleton2 getInstance(){
		return instance;
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
		Singleton2 s1 = Singleton2.getInstance();
		Singleton2 s2 = Singleton2.getInstance();
		
		System.out.println(s1==s2);
		
		//通过反射构造对象
		Class<Singleton2> clazz = (Class<Singleton2>)Class.forName("com.zm.resingleton.Singleton2");
		Constructor<Singleton2> declaredConstructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(null);
		declaredConstructor.setAccessible(true); //true：取消 Java 语言访问检查  false：对java语言实施访问检查
		
Singleton2 instance1 = declaredConstructor.newInstance();
		Singleton2 instance2 = declaredConstructor.newInstance();
		
System.out.println(instance1==instance2);
	}
}