在Spring配置文件中引入外部数据源文件的几种方式

Spring引入外部数据源的xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
       
<!--Spring引入外部配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    <!--1、引入c3p0数据源-->
    <bean id="c3p0DataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--2、引入druid数据源-->
    <bean id="druidDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
       <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3、Spring自带数据源-->
    <bean id="springDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--jdbc模板-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" >
        <property name="dataSource" ref="springDataSource"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

db.properties：

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver  
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=xxxx

maven中引入的依赖（pom.xml）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.zm</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringDemo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <!--引入druid数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--c3p0数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring自带数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.38</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>