Docker安装

一、ubuntu

更改下载数据源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

阿里云 清华源

# 清华 18.04 LTS

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 阿里云

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# Ubuntu默认
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse


# 当遇到 The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32 这种错误时，执行下面命令
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32 # 注意最后的参数是服务器提醒你的key

查看安装包

dpkg -l | grep "package's name"
例子：
dpkg -l | grep "docker"

卸载已经安装了的旧版本docker

# 如果docker正在运行一定要先停止
sudo systemctl stop docker
# 卸载
sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

dpkg -l | grep docker # 查看docker配置文件
dpkg -l | grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |sudo xargs dpkg -P # 删除无用的相关的配置文件
apt-get autoremove docker-ce-* # 卸载没有删除的docker相关插件
rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d # 删除docker的相关配置&目录
rm -rf /var/lib/docker

为了支持https协议的源

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg-agent \
    software-properties-common

添加 gpg 密钥

 curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

确认导入指纹为“9DC8 5882 9FC7 …” 的GPG公钥

sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

获得当前操作系统的代号：

lsb_release -cs

我的机子是：bionic 说明是Ubuntu 18.04LTS ，16.04的代号为xenial

根据代号添加docker稳定版的官方软件源

sudo add-apt-repository \
     "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
     bionic \
     stable"
或者使用：
sudo add-apt-repository \
     "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
     $(lsb_release -cs) \
     stable"

注：如果是arm64内核将使用[arch=arm64]

更新apt软件包缓存

sudo apt-get update

安装ubuntu对应的内核版本

查看docker内核

cat  /etc/issue

查看docker版本

sudo apt-cache madison docker-ce

安装指定版本

sudo apt-get install docker-ce=18.03.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu
# 不指定版本
sudo apt-get install docker-ce

注：arm64内核使用 sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

启动

sudo service docker start

如果以上无法安装，可以使用下面两种安装方式

### 直接安装

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

### 或者使用脚本安装

sudo curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh

更改docker镜像源

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  	"registry-mirrors": [
  			"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/",
			"https://hubmirror.c.163.com",
			"https://registry.docker-cn.com"
			],
	"insecure-registries": [
			"10.0.0.12:5000"
	]
}
EOF

二、CentOS

更新yum源

1、备份原来的yum源

$sudo cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak 

2、设置aliyun的yum源

$cat /etc/redhat-release # 查看系统的版本
$sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-'''这里填写对应版本的数字'''.repo  # 获取对应系统的

3、清理缓存，生成新缓存，执行yum更新

$sudo yum clean all # 清除系统yum 缓存
$sudo yum makecache # 生成yum缓存
$sudo yum update

安装

1、为了方便添加软件源，一级支持devicemapper存储类型，安装如下软件包：

sudo yum install -y yum-utils \
device-mapper-persistent-data \ 
lvm2 

2、添加Docker稳定版本yum软件源

$ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

3、更新缓存

sudo yum update
sudo yum install -y docker-ce

三、取消sudo 运行docker命令（添加权限组）

sudo groupadd docker

如果出现 groupadd : cannot open /etc/group，则运行下面两行进行解锁访问，如果没有则不需运行，直接跳过即可

sudo chattr -i /etc/gshadow  ### 解锁
sudo chattr -i /etc/group ### 解锁

设置docker组别可以访问docker

sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker ## 将当前用户加入组docker
sudo systemctl restart docker ###重启docker
sudo chmod a+rw /var/run/docker.sock ### 赋予访问docker的权限

把锁加回去

sudo chattr +ia /etc/shadow
sudo chattr +ia /etc/group

docker重启或者机器重启后容易造成又需要权限的情况，root用户执行赋予docker组别用户访问docker.sock这一步骤即可,此外如果在docker分组里面增加新用户，目测也需要重新赋予docker.sock权限