一、Dubbo介绍
概念:Dubbo是一个高性能的RPC(remote procedure call远程过程调用)分布式服务框架;
RPC:远程过程调用即A、B两个服务不在同一个内存空间;就像controller层掉service层分别在两个服务器上;
Dubbo三大核心能力:面向接口的远程调用、智能容错和负载均衡、服务自动注册和发现;
服务架构演变过程:
单体项目:all in one即所有都在一个项目中;开发语言和架构单一;
垂直架构:应用拆分,mvc分层所有项目打包在一个tomcat里;
面向服务架构:soa是一个组件模型,它将应用程序的不同功能单元(称为服务)进行拆分,并通过这些服务之间定 义良好的接口和协议联系起来
微服务架构:升华soa架构;业务需要彻底组件化和服务化.
单体架构、垂直
二、dubbo的架构
dubbo官网给出的架构图
Privider:暴露服务提供者
consumer:调用远程服务的消费者
registry:服务注册与发现的注册中心
Monitor:监控中心
Privider和consumer可以看成mvc架构中的service和controller,monitor是dubbo自带的监控;registry要由zookeeper充当
三、zookeeper
zookeeper是一个分布式应用程序协调的树形目录服务,支持变更推送;适合作Dubbo的注册中心
安装http://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/
注意:Linux中配置类似;但是linux启动方式需要进入zookeeper的bin目录用./zkServer.sh start启动服务;
四、dubbo+zookeeper实战
然后三个maven的工程:provider(web)、consumer(web)、interface(jar工程)
dubbo+zookeeper的服务治理要求服务提供者和服务消费者都要注册服务并暴露服务:以下配置文件springmvc.xml和applicationContext.xml中的配置按照自己当前环境配置
springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!--1.服务消费方注册到注册中心名称-->
<dubbo:application name="dubbodemo_consumer"/>
<!--2.配置注册中心,本地或linux-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>
<!--Linux中zookeeperid <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.255.6:2181"/>-->
<!--3.扫描包 -->
<dubbo:annotation package="com.atguigu.controller"/>
<!--消费者不需要写协议端口-->
<!--4.关闭启动时检查,生产时改为true-->
<dubbo:consumer check="false"/>
</beans>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--1.配置当前项目注册到注册中心的应用名称-->
<dubbo:application name="dubbodemo_provider"/>
<!--2.配置注册中心的地址-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>
<!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.255.6:2181"/>-->
<!--3.指定服务消费方和提供方的通信协议,端口-->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20881"/>
<!--4.注册扫描包-->
<dubbo:annotation package="com.atguigu.service.impl"/>
<!--数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="123456" />
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--开启事务控制的注解支持-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true"/>
</beans>
将interface接口单独提取为一个jar工程;HelloServiceimpl.class
package com.atguigu.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.atguigu.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/**
* @author zhao
* @date 2021/3/9
* @desc
*/
@Service(interfaceClass = HelloService.class)/*alibba.bubbo的注解service*/
@Transactional
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
@Override
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "hello"+name;
}
}
并且将spring整合的默认jdk代理对象更改为CGlib代理对象,要做两步:
①在applicationContext.xml的配置文件中的事务控制注解即<tx: 的后面加上proxy-target-class=“true”
②将实现类上面注解@service(dubbo的而不是spring)上面指定接口的字节码文件@Service(interfaceClass = HelloService.class)
provider和consumer的依赖一样
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbodemo_provider</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--引人入service的interface-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbodemo_interface</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.12.1.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
<!--事务-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 指定端口 -->
<port>8081</port>
<!-- 请求路径 -->
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
interface的依赖打成war包,提供maven编译插件即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbodemo_interface</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 指定端口 -->
<port>8083</port>
<!-- 请求路径 -->
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
将dubbo的监控中心war文件放到tommcat的webapps中[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-wRWmua4w-1616656547306)(C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20210325151128650.png)]
启动tomcat;浏览器中访问localhost:8080/dubbo-admin-2.6.0就可打开监控中心了,用户名密码默认都是root;
启动zookeeper;
然后启动provider,启动comsumer;
在监控中心就可看到两个服务注册进来了;再访问controller的即可
访问效果