写最紧凑的代码---方法引用

写最紧凑的代码—方法引用

方法引用其实也是Lambda的一种，但是他比Lambda表达式更加紧凑。

方法引用的操作符为::，对于方法的引用有一下四种方式

1. 静态方法引用

   基本语法 Class::static_method

   实例：

   创建一个Book类方便于演示

   package com.yunshan;
   
   /**
    * @Author zhangminghui
    * @Date 2020/12/10 15:54
    */
   public class Book {
   
       private String id;
       private String name;
       
       public Book() {
       }
       
       public Book(String name) {
           this.name = name;
       }
   
       public Book(String id, String name) {
           this.id = id;
           this.name = name;
       }
   
       public String getId() {
           return id;
       }
   
       public void setId(String id) {
           this.id = id;
       }
   
       public String getName() {
           return name;
       }
   
       public void setName(String name) {
           this.name = name;
       }
   
       public static int compareById(Book b1,Book b2){
           return b1.getId().compareTo(b2.getId());
       }
   
       public int compareById(Book book){
           return this.getId().compareTo(book.getId());
       }
   }
   

   创建几个Book对象，使用Book对象的id进行排序

   @Test
   public void Test_001(){
           Book b1 = new Book("202032","java编程思想");
           Book b2 = new Book("202011","C++入门");
           Book b3 = new Book("202001","计算机网络");
           List<Book> list = Arrays.asList(b1,b2,b3);
           list.sort(Book::compareByIdStatic);
           list.forEach(book -> System.out.println(book.getName()));
   }
   

   运行结果如下：

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2. 特定对象的方法引用

   基础语法：instance::method

   示例：

   定义一个类去做Book的ID比较，这个类中的方法是非静态的

   package com.yunshan;
   
   /**
    * @Author zhangminghui
    * @Date 2020/12/10 16:15
    */
   public class CompareBook {
       public int compareById(Book b1, Book b2) {
           return b1.getId().compareTo(b2.getId());
       }
   }
   

   按照id排序

   @Test
   public void Test_002(){
           Book b1 = new Book("202032","java编程思想");
           Book b2 = new Book("202011","C++入门");
           Book b3 = new Book("202001","计算机网络");
           List<Book> list = Arrays.asList(b1,b2,b3);
           CompareBook compareBook = new CompareBook();
           list.sort(compareBook::compareById);
           list.forEach(book -> System.out.println(book.getName()));
   }
   

   运行结果如下：

   

3. 特定类的任意对象的方法引用

   基本语法：Class::method

   示例：

   @Test
   public void Test_003(){
           Book b1 = new Book("202032","java编程思想");
           Book b2 = new Book("202011","C++入门");
           Book b3 = new Book("202001","计算机网络");
           List<Book> list = Arrays.asList(b1,b2,b3);
           list.sort(Book::compareById);
           list.forEach(book -> System.out.println(book.getName()));
   }
   

   运行结果如下：

   

4. 构造方法引用

   基本语法： Class::new 或者 Class<T>::new

   示例：

   @Test
   public void Test_004() {
           // 无参构造
           Supplier<Book> supplier = Book::new;
           // 一个参数的构造
           Function<String, Book> function = Book::new;
           Book java = function.apply("Java");
           System.out.println(java.getName());
           // 两个参数的构造
           BiFunction<String, String, Book> biFunction = Book::new;
           Book c = biFunction.apply("202011", "C语言");
           System.out.println("ID: " + c.getId() + " name: " + c.getName());
   }
   

   运行结果如下：

   

方法引用将代码压缩到了极简的状态，使你的代码变得更加高大上，行动起来，用方法引用优化你的代码！