对yuv文件使用OpenGLShader播放

一、相关知识
着色器语言GLSL
1.顶点着色器是针对每一个顶点执行一次，用于确定地顶点的位置。
片元着色器是针对每个片元执行一次，用于确定每个片元的颜色
2.语法基本与C相同
3.完美的支持向量和矩阵操作
4.GLSL提供了大量的内置函数来提供丰富的扩展功能。
5.它是通过限定符操作来管理输入输出类型。

二、代码：首先创建widget,创建类并选择基类为openGLWidget。

#include "XVideo.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QTimer>
//自动加双引号
#define GET_STR(x) #x
#define A_VER 3
#define T_VER 4   //只是绑定的位置不同

FILE *fp = NULL;
//顶点shader
const char *vString = GET_STR(
    attribute vec4 vertexIn;
    attribute vec2 textureIn;
    varying vec2 textureOut;
    void main(void)
    {
        gl_Position = vertexIn;
        textureOut = textureIn;
    }
);


//片元shader
const char *tString = GET_STR(
    varying vec2 textureOut;
    uniform sampler2D tex_y;
    uniform sampler2D tex_u;
    uniform sampler2D tex_v;
    void main(void)
    {
        vec3 yuv;
        vec3 rgb;
        yuv.x = texture2D(tex_y, textureOut).r;
        yuv.y = texture2D(tex_u, textureOut).r - 0.5;
        yuv.z = texture2D(tex_v, textureOut).r - 0.5;
        rgb = mat3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
            0.0, -0.39465, 2.03211,
            1.13983, -0.58060, 0.0) * yuv;
        gl_FragColor = vec4(rgb, 1.0);
    }

);

//需要准备YUV数据
// ffmpeg -i v1080.mp4 -t 10 -s 240x128 -pix_fmt yuv420p  out240x128.yuv
XVideo::XVideo(QWidget *parent) :
    QOpenGLWidget(parent)
{

}
XVideo::~XVideo()
{

}
//初始化
void XVideo::initializeGL()
{
    //初始化OPenGl（OpenGLFunctions）函数
    initializeOpenGLFunctions();
    //program加载shader（顶点和片元）脚本
        //片元（像素）
        qDebug()<<program.addShaderFromSourceCode(QGLShader::Fragment, tString);
        //顶点shader
        qDebug() << program.addShaderFromSourceCode(QGLShader::Vertex, vString);
        //设置顶点坐标的变量
            program.bindAttributeLocation("vertexIn",A_VER);

            //设置材质坐标
            program.bindAttributeLocation("textureIn",T_VER);

            //编译shader
            qDebug() << "program.link() = " << program.link();

            qDebug() << "program.bind() = " << program.bind();

            //传递顶点和材质坐标
            //顶点
            static const GLfloat ver[] = {
                -1.0f,-1.0f,
                1.0f,-1.0f,
                -1.0f, 1.0f,
                1.0f,1.0f
            };

            //材质
            static const GLfloat tex[] = {
                0.0f, 1.0f,
                1.0f, 1.0f,
                0.0f, 0.0f,
                1.0f, 0.0f
            };

            //顶点
            glVertexAttribPointer(A_VER, 2, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0, ver);   //设置顶点
            glEnableVertexAttribArray(A_VER);   //设置顶点生效

            //材质
            glVertexAttribPointer(T_VER, 2, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0, tex);
            glEnableVertexAttribArray(T_VER);


            //从shader获取材质
            unis[0] = program.uniformLocation("tex_y");
            unis[1] = program.uniformLocation("tex_u");
            unis[2] = program.uniformLocation("tex_v");

            //创建材质
            glGenTextures(3, texs);

            //绑定纹理
            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texs[0]);
            //放大过滤，线性插值   GL_NEAREST(效率高，但马赛克严重)
            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
            //创建材质显卡空间
            glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RED, width, height, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);

            //U
            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texs[1]);
            //设置属性，放大缩小、过滤，线性插值
            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
            //创建材质显卡空间
            glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RED, width/2, height / 2, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);

            //V
            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texs[2]);
            //放大过滤，线性插值
            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
            //创建材质显卡空间
            glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RED, width / 2, height / 2, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);

            ///分配材质内存空间
            datas[0] = new unsigned char[width*height];		//Y
            datas[1] = new unsigned char[width*height/4];	//U
            datas[2] = new unsigned char[width*height/4];	//V

            fp = fopen("out240x128.yuv","rb");
            if (!fp)
            {
                qDebug() << "out240x128.yuv file open failed!";
            }


            //启动定时器，定时刷新
            QTimer *ti = new QTimer(this);
            connect(ti, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(update()));
            ti->start(40);
}

void XVideo::paintGL()
{
    if (feof(fp))
        {
            fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
        }
        fread(datas[0], 1, width*height, fp);
        fread(datas[1], 1, width*height/4, fp);
        fread(datas[2], 1, width*height/4, fp);

        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texs[0]); //0层绑定到Y材质
        //修改材质内容(复制内存内容)
        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, width, height, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, datas[0]);
        //与shader uni遍历关联
        glUniform1i(unis[0], 0);


        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0+1);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texs[1]); //1层绑定到U材质
                                               //修改材质内容(复制内存内容)
        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, width/2, height / 2, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, datas[1]);
        //与shader uni遍历关联
        glUniform1i(unis[1],1);


        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0+2);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texs[2]); //2层绑定到V材质
                                               //修改材质内容(复制内存内容)
        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, width / 2, height / 2, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, datas[2]);
        //与shader uni遍历关联
        glUniform1i(unis[2], 2);

        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP,0,
                     4      //顶点数量
                     );
        qDebug() << "paintGL";
}

void XVideo::resizeGL(int width, int height)
{

}