安卓请求api，HttpURLConnection和JSONObject

在安卓项目里调用API接口：该API请求数据要求是json格式，返回来的也是json格式。
get请求举例：url：xxx.api/user?userId=abc&password=123
post请求举例：url：xxx.api/user ;
apiParams： userId=abc&password=123 ;

1. callable是干什么用的？
   callable用来创建子线程。和常见的Runnable和Thread实现的区别是 callable可以返回执行完的结果，其他两个不能。

2. futrue是什么用的？
   futrue用来监听callable的执行情况，只要做三个事情：
   1.获取执行完的结果，
   2.监听是否执行完(是否取消)，
   3.终止线程。

3. ExecutorService线程池干什么用的？
   管理线程callable，如开始一个线程。
   第一个方法：submit提交一个实现Callable接口的任务，并且返回封装了异步计算结果的Future。
   第二个方法：submit提交一个实现Runnable接口的任务，并且指定了在调用Future的get方法时返回的result对象。
   第三个方法：submit提交一个实现Runnable接口的任务，并且返回封装了异步计算结果的Future。

package de.kayten.feposapplication.Logic;


import android.util.Log;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import de.kayten.feposapplication.Common.Constant;
import de.kayten.feposapplication.Utils.ThreadPoolUtils;

public class Access {

    public JSONObject POST(String con_url, String apiParams) {
        JSONObject jsonObject = null;
        ExecutorService threadPool = ThreadPoolUtils.getThreadPoolExecutor();
        try {
            HttpUtil http = new HttpUtil("POST", con_url, apiParams);
            Future f = threadPool.submit(http);
            jsonObject = (JSONObject) f.get();
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
        return jsonObject;
    }

    public JSONObject GET(String con_url) {
        JSONObject jsonObject = null;
        ExecutorService threadPool = ThreadPoolUtils.getThreadPoolExecutor();
        try {
            HttpUtil http = new HttpUtil("GET", con_url, "");
            Future f = threadPool.submit(http);
            jsonObject = (JSONObject) f.get();
        } catch (Exception e) {

        }
        return jsonObject;
    }

    class HttpUtil implements Callable {
        private static final String TAG = "HttpUtil";
        private String apiParams;
        private String Method;
        private HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        public HttpUtil(String Method, final String con_url, final String apiParams) {
            this.Method = Method;
            this.apiParams = apiParams;
            InputStreamReader in = null;
            try {
                URL url = new URL(con_url);
                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);
                connection.setDoInput(true);

                connection.setRequestMethod(Method);
                connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "application/json");//请求该API要求是json格式
                if (!"".equals(Constant.token)) {
                    String authString = "Bearer " + Constant.token;
                    connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", authString);
                }
                if ("POST".equals(Method)) {
                    connection.setDoOutput(true);//post要开启输出
                    DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
                    out.writeBytes(apiParams);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                if (connection != null)
                    connection.disconnect();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public JSONObject call() {
            String line;
            JSONObject jsonObject = null;
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();

            try {
                if(200!=connection.getResponseCode() ){
                    Log.e(TAG, connection.getResponseMessage());
                    return null;
                }
                InputStreamReader inputStream = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStream);
                while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    result.append(line);
                }
                jsonObject = new JSONObject(result.toString());

                Log.d(TAG, "run: " + result.toString());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (connection != null)
                    connection.disconnect();
            }
            return jsonObject;
        }

    }


}

json的解析

/*json格式的返回数据
{
  "machines": [
    {
      "Id": 0,
      "Code": "string",
      "Name": "string",
      "users": {
          "userCode": "string",
          "userName": "string"
          },
      "createdAt": "2019-11-04 06:21:08.521",
      "updatedAt": "2019-11-04 06:21:08.521"
    }
  ],
  "offset": 0,
  "limit": 0,
  "total": 0
}
*/
JSONObject JO = new Access().GET(Str_url);
//获得machines的json格式数组
JSONArray JA_machines  = JO .getJSONArray("machines");
//获取数组里的用户json
JSONObject JO_user = JO.getJSONObject("users");
//获取用户名
String name = JO_user.getString("userName");