监控io性能
iostat -x 磁盘使用
iostat 依赖的软件包是sysstat 和sar命令一样,在安装好sysstat之后,iostat也一样安装上了。%util是一个很重要的指标,如果io读写不打,%util很大,说明磁盘io严重不足。
iotop 查看那个进程占用io比较高
iotop命令是系统本身所没有,所以我们需要去安装iotop软件包,iotop命令和top命令相识,也是动态显示。如果磁盘io很高,我们想查看那个进程使用io比较大就需要用到iotop。
[root@linux-01 ceshi]# yum install -y iotop
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.nju.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 iotop.noarch.0.0.6-4.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
=========================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
=========================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
iotop noarch 0.6-4.el7 base 52 k
事务概要
=========================================================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载量:52 k
安装大小:156 k
Downloading packages:
iotop-0.6-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 52 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : iotop-0.6-4.el7.noarch 1/1
验证中 : iotop-0.6-4.el7.noarch 1/1
已安装:
iotop.noarch 0:0.6-4.el7
完毕!
[root@linux-01 ceshi]#
[root@linux-01 ceshi]# iotop
Total DISK READ : 0.00 B/s | Total DISK WRITE : 0.00 B/s
Actual DISK READ: 0.00 B/s | Actual DISK WRITE: 0.00 B/s
TID PRIO USER DISK READ DISK WRITE SWAPIN IO> COMMAND
1 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22
2 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kthreadd]
3 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [ksoftirqd/0]
5 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kworker/0:0H]
7 rt/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [migration/0]
8 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [rcu_bh]
9 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [rcu_sched]
10 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [lru-add-drain]
11 rt/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/0]
13 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kdevtmpfs]
14 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [netns]
15 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [khungtaskd]
16 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [writeback]
17 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kintegrityd]
18 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [bioset]
19 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [bioset]
20 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [bioset]
21 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kblockd]
22 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [md]
23 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [edac-poller]
24 be/0 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdogd]
6319 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % VGAuthService -s
30 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kswapd0]
31 be/5 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [ksmd]
32 be/7 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [khugepaged]
free查看内存
centos7系统的free命令显示结果比centos6 更加简洁,大体内容上是一致的。
[root@izky8mg4viw1laz ~]#
[root@izky8mg4viw1laz ~]# free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1883724 589260 504744 24872 789720 1112012
Swap: 0 0 0
[root@izky8mg4viw1laz ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1839 575 492 24 771 1085
Swap: 0 0 0
[root@izky8mg4viw1laz ~]# free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1.8G 575M 492M 24M 771M 1.1G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
[root@izky8mg4viw1laz ~]#
free查看内存的使用情况
-m 以兆为单位显示
-h 人性化显示
系统总内存 (total)= used + free + buff / cache
系统可用内存(available) = free + 未使用量的buff / cache
[root@izky8mg4viw1laz ~]#
[root@izky8mg4viw1laz ~]# free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1883724 589260 504744 24872 789720 1112012
Swap: 0 0 0
字段 | 含义 |
---|---|
total | 内存总大小 |
used | 真正使用的实际内存大小 |
free | 剩余物理内存大小 |
shared | 共享物理内存大小 |
buff/cache | 数据经过cpu写入磁盘,用的内存是buffer,数据经过磁盘交给cpu做运算处理,用的内存是cache |
available | 系统可使用内存有多大,它包含了free,还有没有被占用的buff+cache |
ps 查看系统进程
[readonly@wxbManager ~]$ ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.0 19340 1116 ? Ss 2017 0:47 /sbin/init
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kthreadd]
root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 2:06 [migration/0]
root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 4:04 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [stopper/0]
root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:58 [watchdog/0]
root 7 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 2:58 [migration/1]
root 8 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [stopper/1]
root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 5:45 [ksoftirqd/1]
root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:52 [watchdog/1]
root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 30:36 [events/0]
root 12 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 139:36 [events/1]
root 13 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [events/0]
root 14 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [events/1]
root 15 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [events_long/0]
root 16 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [events_long/1]
root 17 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [events_power_ef]
root 18 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [events_power_ef]
root 19 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [cgroup]
root 20 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [khelper]
root 21 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [netns]
root 22 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [async/mgr]
root 23 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [pm]
root 24 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [xenwatch]
root 25 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [xenbus]
root 26 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 2:29 [sync_supers]
root 27 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:02 [bdi-default]
root 28 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kintegrityd/0]
root 29 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kintegrityd/1]
root 30 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 4:36 [kblockd/0]
root 31 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:02 [kblockd/1]
root 32 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kacpid]
root 33 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kacpi_notify]
root 34 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kacpi_hotplug]
root 35 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ata_aux]
root 36 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ata_sff/0]
root 37 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ata_sff/1]
root 38 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ksuspend_usbd]
root 39 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [khubd]
root 40 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kseriod]
root 41 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [md/0]
root 42 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [md/1]
root 43 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [md_misc/0]
root 44 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [md_misc/1]
root 45 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [linkwatch]
root 47 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:15 [khungtaskd]
root 48 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 6:07 [kswapd0]
root 49 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 2017 0:00 [ksmd]
root 50 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 2017 2:13 [khugepaged]
root 51 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [aio/0]
root 52 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [aio/1]
root 53 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [crypto/0]
root 54 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [crypto/1]
root 61 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kthrotld/0]
root 62 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kthrotld/1]
root 64 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kpsmoused]
root 65 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [usbhid_resumer]
root 66 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [deferwq]
root 98 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kdmremove]
root 99 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kstriped]
root 229 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [scsi_eh_0]
root 230 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [scsi_eh_1]
root 343 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 15:33 [jbd2/xvda1-8]
root 344 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ext4-dio-unwrit]
root 440 0.0 0.0 10760 876 ? S<s 2017 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d
root 688 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 18:29 [flush-202:0]
root 772 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [kauditd]
root 822 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:04 [ib_addr]
root 827 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [infiniband/0]
root 828 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [infiniband/1]
root 837 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ib_mcast]
root 842 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [iw_cm_wq]
root 848 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ib_cm/0]
root 849 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ib_cm/1]
root 854 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [rdma_cm]
root 875 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [ipoib_flush]
root 1141 0.0 0.0 251960 5876 ? Sl 2017 0:25 /sbin/rsyslogd -i /var/run/syslogd.pid -c 5
nscd 1164 0.0 0.0 630248 1480 ? Ssl 2017 91:35 /usr/sbin/nscd
root 1276 0.0 0.0 66256 1196 ? Ss 2017 0:02 /usr/sbin/sshd
ntp 1287 0.0 0.0 26600 1556 ? Ss 2017 4:10 ntpd -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g
root 1352 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 0:00 [cqueue]
root 1393 0.0 0.0 116908 1324 ? Ss 2017 1:18 crond
root 1832 0.0 0.4 591388 38044 ? Sl 2017 479:37 /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/salt-minion -c /etc/salt -d
root 1833 0.0 0.3 493532 25796 ? S 2017 0:00 /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/salt-minion -c /etc/salt -d
root 1994 0.0 0.0 31616 68 ? Ssl 2017 0:00 /usr/sbin/gshelld
root 2011 0.0 0.0 4060 532 tty1 Ss+ 2017 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty1
root 2013 0.0 0.0 4060 536 tty2 Ss+ 2017 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty2
root 2015 0.0 0.0 4060 532 tty3 Ss+ 2017 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty3
root 2017 0.0 0.0 4060 532 tty4 Ss+ 2017 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty4
root 2019 0.0 0.0 4060 536 tty5 Ss+ 2017 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty5
root 2021 0.0 0.0 4060 532 tty6 Ss+ 2017 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty6
root 2022 0.0 0.0 10760 908 ? S< 2017 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d
root 2023 0.0 0.0 10824 840 ? S< 2017 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d
root 2362 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2017 10:49 [kjournald]
root 7331 0.0 0.0 45984 2520 ? Ss 2017 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root 9263 0.0 0.0 79104 1212 ? S 2017 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
root 9269 0.0 0.0 79104 1312 ? S 2017 206:07 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: collector [idle 1 sec]
root 9270 0.0 0.0 79104 2168 ? S 2017 36:43 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #1 [waiting for connection]
root 9271 0.0 0.0 79104 2168 ? S 2017 36:43 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #2 [waiting for connection]
root 9272 0.0 0.0 79104 2168 ? S 2017 36:48 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #3 [waiting for connection]
root 9273 0.0 0.0 79108 2128 ? S 2017 132:27 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: active checks #1 [idle 1 sec]
nobody 9595 0.0 0.3 73268 30672 ? S Feb14 13:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 9596 0.0 0.3 73668 30996 ? S Feb14 12:18 nginx: worker process
readonly 20493 0.0 0.0 110244 1140 pts/0 R+ 22:55 0:00 ps aux
root 21063 0.0 0.0 25836 4360 ? S<sl Jan21 33:10 /usr/local/aegis/aegis_update/AliYunDunUpdate
root 21111 0.2 0.2 129544 20356 ? S<sl Jan21 331:01 /usr/local/aegis/aegis_client/aegis_10_59/AliYunDun
508 28984 0.0 0.0 106240 680 ? S Mar14 0:00 /bin/sh /home/10beiManager/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
508 28985 0.0 0.0 4112 624 ? S Mar14 2:29 /usr/sbin/cronolog /home/10beiManager/tomcat/logs/catalina.%Y-%m-%d.out
508 289