scala基础操作2

1.函数基础操作（成员变量为private的情况）

• private形式的变量不能在外界进行访问

scala> class c{
     | private var c = "spark"
     | def sayName (){println(c)}
     | def getName = c
     | }
defined class c

scala> val d = new c()
d: c = c@15ef322

scala> d.sayName()
spark

scala> d.getName
res5: String = spark

scala> d.c
<console>:16: error: variable c in class c cannot be accessed in c
       d.c

• var形式的变量scala会自动给变量添加get、set方法，直接访问即可

scala> class b {
     | var name = "scala"
     | def sayName (){println(name)}
     | def getName = name
     | }
defined class b

scala> val c = new b()
c: b = b@127a7e

scala> c.name
res1: String = scala

scala> c.getName
res2: String = scala

scala> c.sayName()
scala

• 复写get set 方法时增加 name_方法

scala> :paste
// Entering paste mode (ctrl-D to finish)

class Person{
 private var myName = "Flink"
 def name = this.myName
 def name_=(newName : String){
 myName = newName
 println ("newName:"+myName)}
}

// Exiting paste mode, now interpreting.

defined class Person

scala> val p = new Person()
p: Person = Person@d190be

scala> p.name
res12: String = Flink

scala> p.name = "Spark"
newName:Spark
p.name: String = Spark

scala> p.name
res13: String = Spark

2.Object 和 Class函数的具体区别

• object和class一般同名存在
• object一般是静态变量，相当于java中static

• class中存放一般的方法，相当于java类

• object为伴生对象

• class为伴生类

3.Trait

• Trait可以被作为接口或者抽象类来使用
• 类继承Trait后，必须实现其中的抽象方法，不需要使用override关键字，Scala支持多重继承Trait，使用with关键字。
• trait可以包含一些很多类都通用的功能，如打印日志等，在Spark中也使用Trait定义了通用的日志打印方法。

scala> :paste
// Entering paste mode (ctrl-D to finish)

trait HelloTrait {
 def sayHello(name : String)
}

trait MakeFirendsTrait {
 def makeFirends(p : Person)
}

class Person(val name : String) extends HelloTrait with MakeFirendsTrait{
 def sayHello(name : String)= println("hello::::::"+name)
 def makeFirends(p : Person)= println("hello1:::::::"+p.name)
}

// Exiting paste mode, now interpreting.

defined trait HelloTrait
defined trait MakeFirendsTrait
defined class Person

scala> val p = new Person("aaaa")
p: Person = Person@ea0d65

scala> p.sayHello("aaa")
hello::::::aaa

scala> val p1 = new Person("bbb")
p1: Person = Person@f8d452

scala> p.makeFirends(p1)
hello1:::::::bbb