通过反射将map转成Object

四月最后一天，下班后去面试，被问到该问题，当时只是大致知道实现思路，具体代码以及api确不知道怎么写，平时还是纸上谈兵的多，防止以后被问到相似问题抓瞎，还是落实到具体的代码上面吧。

MapToClass类

/**
 * 通过反射将map中数据转成对应的实例对象
 */
public class MapToClass {

    public static  <T> T mapToInstance(String className,Map<String,Object> map) throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException {
        //装载对应的类以及进行实例化
        Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
        T instance = (T)clazz.newInstance();
        //获取所有字段  private  protected public
        Field[] declaredFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field declaredField : declaredFields) {
            //设置私有化变量可以访问
            declaredField.setAccessible(true);
            //获取变量名称
            String name = declaredField.getName();
            try {
                //对实例化的对象进行赋值
                // 此处另一种实现方法
                // 1、通过declaredField.getType()获取所需字段类型
                ///2、根据instanceof方法做if判断，将实际类型转成所需类型
                declaredField.set(instance,map.get(name));
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                //如存在字段所需类型与实际类型不匹配时给出提示并返回null
                System.err.println("字段"+name+"所需数据类型为："+declaredField.getType()+
                        ",实际传入数据类型为："+map.get(name).getClass());
                return null;
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("id","1234");
        map.put("name","xiaoming");
        map.put("score",123);
        map.put("address","jilinnongan");

        User user = (User)MapToClass.mapToInstance("pojo.User", map);

        System.out.println("user:"+user.toString());
    }

User类

public class User {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    private Integer score;
    private String address;

    public User() {
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(Integer score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", score=" + score +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

}

下次面试好运~