【互联网有记忆】爬取微博热搜榜并存入数据库（python爬虫+存储过程后端实现）

一、爬虫代码

import random, time
import requests, re
import datetime
import mysql.connector

# 定义爬取间隔(minutes)
interval_time = 15

class HotSearchThread:
    def __init__(self):
        self.curTime = datetime.datetime.now()
        print('[start]开始爬取热搜榜..........')

    # 爬取html页面数据
    def getHtml(self):
        url = "https://s.weibo.com/top/summary?cate=realtimehot"
        headers = [
            {
                "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0"
            },
            {
                "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50"
            },
            {
                "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36"
            },
            {
                "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/27.0.1453.93 Safari/537.36"
            },
            {
                "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_6; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.20.25 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.4 Safari/533.20.27"
            }
        ]
        header = headers[random.randint(0,len(headers)-1)]
        response = requests.get(url=url, headers=header)
        return response.content.decode()

    # 处理html页面数据，得到绘图所需数据
    def getData(self, html):
        pattern = '<tr.*?<td\s+class="td-01.*?>(\d{1,2})</td>.*?<td\s+class="td-02.*?<a.*?>(.*?)</a>'
        data_rank = re.compile(pattern, re.S).findall(html)

        pattern_top = '<tr.*?<td\s+class="td-(\d)1.*?icon-top.*?</td>.*?<td\s+class="td-02.*?<a.*?>(.*?)</a>'
        data_top = re.compile(pattern_top, re.S).findall(html)

        data = data_top + data_rank

        tail = (datetime.datetime.strftime(self.curTime,'%Y%m%d_%H%M%S'), interval_time)
        for i in range(0,len(data)):
            data[i]  +=  tail
        # print(data)
        print('[success]爬取成功!')
        return data

    # 存入数据库
    def saveDAO(self, data):
        # data为 list 类型
        # data[i]为 元组 类型，若len(data)为51，则data[0]为置顶
        # （ranknum, searchItem, time, duration）
        print('[start]开始写入数据库..........')
        conn = mysql.connector.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=3306, user="WeiboHotSearch",
                                       password="ws1234.", database="WeiboHotSearch")
        cursor = conn.cursor()
        sql1="SELECT count(TABLE_NAME) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='WeiboHotSearch' AND TABLE_NAME=%s;"
        tablename= "table" + datetime.datetime.strftime(self.curTime,'%Y%m')
        val1=(tablename,)
        cursor.execute(sql1, val1)
        res = cursor.fetchone()
        if res[0]==0:
            sql2="call CreateTablePro(%s);"
            val2=(tablename,)
            cursor.execute(sql2, val2)
        for item in data:
            sql3 = "call SelectDataPro(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, @cnt);"
            sql4 = "select @cnt;"
            val3 = (tablename, int(item[0]), item[1], item[2], item[3])
            cursor.execute(sql3, val3)
            cursor.execute(sql4)
            cnt = cursor.fetchone()
            if cnt[0]==0:
                sql4="call InsertDataPro(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)"
                val4=(tablename, int(item[0]), item[1], item[2], item[3])
                cursor.execute(sql4, val4)
                print("[Add   ]新增条目：", item)
            else:
                sql5="call UpdateDataPro(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)"
                val5 = (tablename, int(item[0]), item[1], item[2], item[3])
                cursor.execute(sql5, val5)
                print("[Update]更新条目：", item)

        conn.commit()
        cursor.close()
        conn.close()


    def run(self):
        print("[start] Time: ", datetime.datetime.strftime(self.curTime,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
        data = self.getData(self.getHtml())
        self.saveDAO(data)
        print("--------------------------------------------------------------")
        print("[over]写入结束!")
        print("--------------------------------------------------------------")
        print("")
        print("")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("[Initialized] 开机自启动加载完成！等待运行！")
    time.sleep(60) # 开机等待60秒再运行，防止数据库服务未启动等异常
    while 1:
        HotSearchThread().run()
        time.sleep(interval_time * 60)

二、数据库实现

防止数据库单个表太大，按月份自动生成表，使用存储过程进行管理

 存储过程：

--- CreateTablePro
CREATE DEFINER=`WeiboHotSearch`@`%` PROCEDURE `CreateTablePro`(IN `tableName` varchar(50))
BEGIN
 	set @tname = tableName;
	set @sql_create_table = concat(
	'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ', @tname,
	'(num int(2),searchItem varchar(255) primary key,hotTime varchar(255),duration int(5))'
	);
	PREPARE sql_create_table from @sql_create_table;
	EXECUTE sql_create_table;
END

--- SelectDataPro
CREATE DEFINER=`WeiboHotSearch`@`%` PROCEDURE `SelectDataPro`(IN `tableName` varchar(50),IN `num` int(2),IN `searchItem` varchar(255),IN `hotTime` varchar(255),IN `duration` int(5), OUT `cnt` int(5))
BEGIN
	 	set @tname = tableName;
		set @num = num;
		set @sItem = searchItem;
		set @hTime = hotTime;
		set @dur = duration;
		
		set @sql_query_data = concat(
			'select count(@sItem) into @cnt from ', @tname, ' where searchItem =  @sItem' 
		);
		PREPARE sql_query_data from @sql_query_data;
		EXECUTE sql_query_data;
		set cnt=@cnt;
		
END

--- InsertDataPro
CREATE DEFINER=`WeiboHotSearch`@`%` PROCEDURE `InsertDataPro`(IN `tableName` varchar(50),IN `num` int(2),IN `searchItem` varchar(255),IN `hotTime` varchar(255),IN `duration` int(5))
BEGIN
	 	set @tname = tableName;
		set @num = num;
		set @sItem = searchItem;
		set @hTime = hotTime;
		set @dur = 0;
		
		set @sql_insert_data = concat(
		'insert into ', @tname,' values( @num, @sItem, @hTime, @dur);'
		);
		PREPARE sql_insert_data from @sql_insert_data;
		EXECUTE sql_insert_data;
END

--- UpdateDataPro
CREATE DEFINER=`WeiboHotSearch`@`%` PROCEDURE `UpdateDataPro`(IN `tableName` varchar(50),IN `num` int(2),IN `searchItem` varchar(255),IN `hotTime` varchar(255),IN `duration` int(5))
BEGIN
	 	set @tname = tableName;
		set @num = num;
		set @sItem = searchItem;
		set @hTime = hotTime;
		set @dur = duration;
		
		set @sql_insert_data1 = concat(
		'update ', @tname,' set duration=duration+@dur where searchItem = @sItem'
		);
		PREPARE sql_insert_data1 from @sql_insert_data1;
		EXECUTE sql_insert_data1;
		
		
		set @sql_insert_data = concat(
		'update ', @tname,' set num=@num, hotTime=@hTime where searchItem = @sItem and num>@num'
		);
		PREPARE sql_insert_data from @sql_insert_data;
		EXECUTE sql_insert_data;
END

其他 ：

--- 建表模板
drop table tablename;
CREATE table tablename (
	num int(2),
	searchItem varchar(255) primary key,
	hotTime varchar(255),
	duration int(5)
)

--- 判断数据库中是否存在某张表
SELECT count(TABLE_NAME) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='WeiboHotSearch' AND TABLE_NAME='test';


--- 存储过程的调用
call CreateTablePro('test')

call InsertDataPro('table202003', 0, '复工复产保卫战', '20200324_165840', 20)

call SelectDataPro('table202003', 0, '复工复产保卫战', '20200324_165840', 20, @cnt);
select @cnt;

call UpdateDataPro('table202003', 30, '方方', '20200324_165840', 20)

--- select 查询验证
select * from table202003 where duration = 20


--- mysql创建并调用含有out参数的存储过程
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_add(a int, b int,out c int)
begin

 set c=a+ b;

end;
--- 调用过程：
call sp_add (1,2,@a);
select @a;

 
 三、aliyun部署 

# 脚本路径：
/root/myPyProgram/Weibo.py
# 脚本日志：
/root/myPyProgram/logs/Weibo.log

# 设置开机启动
chmon +x /etc/rd.local
vim /etc/rd.local

#追加内容：
/usr/bin/python3 -u /root/myPyProgram/Weibo.py  &>> /root/myPyProgram/logs/Weibo.log


# 查看进程状态
ps -aux|grep "Weibo.py"   # 会显示开始运行时间，结束时间等
ps -ef|grep "Weibo.py"   # 只显示进程相关信息

# 查询进程id
ps -ef | grep Weibo.py | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'
# 查询进程id并杀死该进程
ps -ef | grep Weibo.py | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9

# 杀死进程
kill -9 [进程id]

 shell 脚本杀死进程 dsp-admin

echo "开始查询DSP2.0运行的进程编号，查出将其kill"
dsp_admin_id=`ps -ef | grep dsp-admin | grep -v "grep" | awk '{print $2}'`
echo $dsp_admin_id

for id in $dsp_admin_id
do
    kill -9 $id  
    echo "killed $id"  
done

四、运行截图 

 

 

五、相关问题及解决方案

1、日志文件创建了，程序执行了，但是日志为0K，tail -f Weibo.log查看为空:

                python程序输出无内容问题

2、/usr/local/bin/python3不存在，需要添加软连接

               Linux下开机启动python脚本详解

3、mysql存储过程相关

              mysql存储过程用表名做参数 并获取execute执行语句的结果 

              MySql存储过程动态创建表并插入数据 

              Mysql中表名作为参数的问题

4、linux查看进程状态

              linux命令ps aux|grep xxx详解 

5、Linux中没有rc.local文件的完美解决方法

             解决办法步骤一

             解决办法步骤二

6、python获取当前系统时间并格式化

            python 如何获取当前系统的时间

7、linux脚本设置开机启动（后台）

            链接