Java语言进阶-常用类-StringBuffer类

String/StringBuffer/StringBuilderTest的区别

String：不可变的字符序列，底层使用char[]存储

StringBuffer：可变的字符序列，线程安全（都是同步方法），效率低，底层使用char[]存储

StringBuilderTest：可变的字符序列，jdk5.0新增，线程不安全，效率高，底层使用char[]存储

创建StringBuffer对象

stringbuffer类不同于string，其对象必须使用构造器生成。一共有三个构造器：

• stringbuffer()：初始容量为16的字符串缓冲区
• stringbuffer(int size)：构造指定容量的字符串缓冲区
• stringbuffer(string str)：将内容初始化为指定字符串

例子：

public class StringBufferTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str = new String("我喜欢学习");
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("我喜欢学习");

        String str1 = str + "数学";
        StringBuffer buffer2 = buffer.append("数学");

        System.out.println(str1 == str);
        System.out.println(buffer2 == buffer);
    }
}

常用方法

public class StringBufferTest {
    public static void main(String[] args)  {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("hello world");

        // append() 用于字符串拼接
        StringBuffer buffer1 = buffer.append("python");
        System.out.println(buffer1);

        // delete(int start,int end) 删除指定位置的内容
        StringBuffer buffer2 = buffer.delete(3,5);
        System.out.println(buffer2);

        // replace(int start,int end,String str) 把[start,end)位置替换为str
        StringBuffer buffer3 = buffer.replace(3,5,"aaaaa");
        System.out.println(buffer3);

        // insert(int offset,xxx) 在指定位置插入XXX
        StringBuffer buffer4 = buffer.insert(3,"bbb");
        System.out.println(buffer4);

        // revers() 字符串翻转
        StringBuffer buffer5 = buffer.reverse();
        System.out.println(buffer5);

        // indexOf(String str) 返回指定子串在母串中的索引
        int buffer6 = buffer.indexOf("ld");
        System.out.println(buffer6);

        // substring(int start,int end) 从start到end截取子串
        String buffer7 = buffer.substring(3, 5);
        System.out.println(buffer7);

        // length()  返回母串长度
        int buffer8 = buffer.length();
        System.out.println(buffer8);

        // charAt(int n) 返回某索引处的字符
        char buffer9 = buffer.charAt(3);
        System.out.println(buffer9);

        // setCharAt(int n,char ch) 替换指定索引的字符
        buffer.setCharAt(0, 'q');
        System.out.println(buffer);

    } 
}

Java小白修炼手册

三者运行速度

public class StringBufferTest {
    public static void main(String[] args)  {
        //初始设置
        long startTime = 0L;
        long endTime = 0L;

        String text = "";
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("");
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("");

        //开始对比
        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
            buffer.append(String.valueOf(i));
        }
        endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("StringBuffer的执行时间：" + (endTime - startTime));


        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
            builder.append(String.valueOf(i));
        }
        endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("StringBuilder的执行时间：" + (endTime - startTime));


        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
            text = text + i; 
        }
        endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("String的执行时间：" + (endTime - startTime));
    } 
}