【Java学习笔记】多线程同步经典例子：生产者消费者问题

生产者(Productor)将产品交给店员(Clerk)，而消费者(Customer)从店员处取走产品，店员一次只能持有固定数量的产品(比如:20），如果生产者试图生产更多的产品，店员会叫生产者停一下，如果店中有空位放产品了再通知生产者继续生产；如果店中没有产品了，店员会告诉消费者等一下，如果店中有产品了再通知消费者来取走产品。

class Clerk { // 售货员 
    private int product = 0; 
    public synchronized void addProduct() { 
        if (product >= 20) { 
                try { 
                    wait(); 
                } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace(); 
                } 
          } else { 
            product++; 
            System.out.println("生产者生产了第" + product + "个产品"); 
            notifyAll(); 
        } 
    }
    public synchronized void getProduct() { 
        if (this.product <= 0) { 
            try { 
                wait(); 
            } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } 
        } else { 
            System.out.println("消费者取走了第" + product + "个产品"); 
            product--; 
            notifyAll(); 
        } 
    } 
}

class Productor implements Runnable { // 生产者 
    Clerk clerk; 
    public Productor(Clerk clerk) { 
        this.clerk = clerk; 
    } 
    public void run() { 
        System.out.println("生产者开始生产产品"); 
        while (true) { 
            try { 
                Thread.sleep((int) Math.random() * 1000); 
            } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } 
            clerk.addProduct(); 
        } 
    } 
}

class Consumer implements Runnable { // 消费者 
    Clerk clerk; 
    public Consumer(Clerk clerk) { 
        this.clerk = clerk; 
    } 
    public void run() { 
        System.out.println("消费者开始取走产品"); 
        while (true) { 
            try { 
                Thread.sleep((int) Math.random() * 1000); 
            } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } 
            clerk.getProduct(); 
        } 
    } 
}

public class ProductTest { 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Clerk clerk = new Clerk(); 
        Thread productorThread = new Thread(new Productor(clerk));
        Thread consumerThread = new Thread(new Consumer(clerk)); 
        productorThread.start(); 
        consumerThread.start(); 
     } 
 }