Linux下安装Python环境

Linux：CentOS7.7

Python：python-3.7.11

1、在CentOS中安装好python的依赖

yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel

2、在python官方网站找到想要安装的版本

3、 在CentOS中使用wget下载python3.7的源码文件

wget -c https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.9/Python-3.7.9.tgz

4、解包并解压缩

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.9.tgz

5、进入文件目录

cd Python-3.7.9 

6、安装Python依赖

yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel

# 如果安装的是python3.7以上的版本，则需要安装（libffi）依赖

yum install libffi-devel -y

7、配置文件并编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations

make && make install

8、创建软链接

# cd 到 /usr/bin 文件目录，查看已存在的软链接

ls -l | grep python

ls -l | grep pip

# 创建软链接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3.7

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3.7

9、验证是否成功

python3.7 -V

pip3.7 -V