嵌入式基础-C语言常用函数

以下说明工作中常用C语言基本函数的实例

1.字符串相关函数

strcpy ,strstr,strcmp, sprintf , sscanf , atoi

1).sample_strcpy

//字符串拷贝函数
int main(void)
{
	char src_buf[16] = "abcdefgh";
	char dest_buf[16] = {0};
	
	strcpy (dest_buf,src_buf);
	printf("R:%s\n",dest_buf);
	return 0;
}

2).sample_strstr

//字符串比较,返回匹配首个字符串指针地址
int main(void)
{
    char *p_str = NULL;
    char src_buf[24] = "abcefghijklmnopqhijka";
    char first_buf[16] = "hijkl";
    char second_buf[16] = "hijka";

    p_str = strstr(src_buf,first_buf);
    printf("first str: %s\n",p_str);

    p_str = strstr(src_buf,second_buf);
    printf("second str: %s\n",p_str);
	return 0;
}

3).sample_strcmp

//字符串比较,返回int型数据
int main(void)
{
    int ret = 0;
    char src_buf[16] = "abcdef";
    char same_buf[16] = "abcdef";
    char long_buf[16] = "abcdefg";
    char short_buf[16] = "abcde";

    ret = strcmp(src_buf,same_buf);
    printf("same ret: %d\n",ret);

    ret = 0;
    ret = strcmp(src_buf,long_buf);
    printf("long ret: %d\n",ret);

    ret = 0;
    ret = strcmp(src_buf,short_buf);
    printf("short ret: %d\n",ret);
   	return 0;
}

4).sample_sprintf

//字符串拼接
int main(void)
{
	int val = 20;
	char str_a[8] = "abcd";
	char str_b[8] = "efgh";
	//字节长度需要比拼接后的长度大
	char total_buf[24] = {0};
	
	strcpy (dest_buf,src_buf);
	sprintf(total_buf,"%s%d%s",str_a,val,str_b);
	printf("R:%s\n",total_buf);
	return 0;
}

5).sample_sscanf

//字符串拆分
int main(void)
{
	int val_f,val_s = 0;
	char str_val[4] = {0};
	char total_buf[24] = "2024.01.16";
	
	sscanf(total_buf,"%d.%d.%s",&val_f,&val_s,str_val);
	printf("R:%d,%d,%s\n",val_f,val_s,str_val);
	return 0;
}

6).sample_atoi

//字符串转整型
int main(void)
{
	/* 注意使用时场景为数字型字符串 */
	int val = 0;
	char buf[8] = "2024";
	
	val = atoi(buf);
	printf("R:%d\n",val);
	return 0;
}

2.结构体相关函数

memset , memcpy

1).sample_memset , sample_memcpy

//实例结构体
typedef struct
{
    int val;
    char buf[4];
    char str[4];
}SJKComSample,*pSJKComSample;

//清空结构体或字符串
void sample_memset(void)
{
	SJKComSample s_sample;
	char buf[8] = "2024";
	s_sample.val = 2;
	
	strcpy(s_sample.buf,"ab");
	strcpy(s_sample.str,"cd");
	
	memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	memset(&s_sample,0,sizeof(s_sample));
	printf("R:%s\n",buf);
	printf("S_R:%d,%s<-,%s<--\n",s_sample.val,s_sample.buf,s_sample.str);
}

//结构体或字符串拷贝
void sample_memcpy(void)
{
	SJKComSample s_sample;
	SJKComSample d_sample;
	char s_buf[8] = "2024";
	char d_buf[8] = {0};
	
	s_sample.val = 2;
	strcpy(s_sample.buf,"ab");
	strcpy(s_sample.str,"cd");
	
	memcpy(d_buf,s_buf,sizeof(d_buf));
	memcpy(d_sample,s_sample,sizeof(d_sample));
	
	printf("R:%s\n",d_buf);
	printf("S_R:%d,%s<-,%s<--\n",d_sample.val,d_sample.buf,d_sample.str);
}

int main(void)
{
	sample_memset();
	sample_memcpy();
	return 0;
}