matplotlib 条形图

plt.bar(x,y,width) plt.barh(x,y,height)

单条形图案例

假设你获取到了2017年内地电影票房前20的电影(列表a)和电影票房数据(列表b),那么如何更加直观的展示该数据?

a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
b = [56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23] 单位:亿

• 条形图：

# 绘制条形图
from matplotlib import font_manager, pyplot as plt
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:WINDOWS\FONTS\MSYH.TTC")

a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
b = [56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


plt.figure(figsize=(20, 8), dpi=80)  # 设置图片大小
plt.bar(range(len(a)), b, width=0.3) # 绘制条形图
plt.xticks(range(len(a)), a, fontproperties = my_font, rotation = 270) # 设置刻度
plt.show()

这样部分字体都显示不出来，所以应该设置横着的条形图。

• 横着的条形图

# 绘制横着的条形图
from matplotlib import font_manager, pyplot as plt
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:WINDOWS\FONTS\MSYH.TTC")

a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
b = [56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


plt.figure(figsize=(20, 8), dpi=80)  # 设置图片大小
plt.barh(range(len(a)), b, height=0.3, color = 'orange') # 绘制条形图
plt.yticks(range(len(a)), a, fontproperties = my_font) # 设置纵刻度
plt.xticks(range(0,int(max(b)+1)))                      # 设置横刻度
plt.grid(alpha = 0.2)
plt.show()

多条形图案例

假设你知道了列表a中电影分别在2017-09-14(b_14), 2017-09-15(b_15), 2017-09-16(b_16)三天的票房,为了展示列表中电影本身的票房以及同其他电影的数据对比情况,应该如何更加直观的呈现该数据?

a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
b_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]

from matplotlib import font_manager, pyplot as plt
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:WINDOWS\FONTS\MSYH.TTC")

a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
b_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]

# 设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20, 8), dpi=80)

# 确定横坐标
bar_width = 0.2     # 不能超过 1/3，否则会重叠
x_14 = range(len(a))
x_15 = [i+bar_width for i in x_14]
x_16 = [i+bar_width*2 for i in x_14]

# 绘图
plt.bar(x_14, b_14, width=bar_width, label="9月14日")
plt.bar(x_15, b_15, width=bar_width, label="9月15日")
plt.bar(x_16, b_16, width=bar_width, label="9月15日")

# 设置x刻度
plt.xticks(x_15, a, fontproperties=my_font)

# 设置图例
plt.legend(prop=my_font)

plt.show()