【web开发】扩展与全面接管springmvc

1. 扩展springmvc

方法：编写一个配置类（@Configuration）,实现WebMvcConfigurer接口，不能标注@EnableWebMvc。
特点：既保留了springboot所有的自动配置，也能用我们扩展的配置。
示例：
pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.qublog</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot03_web_restfulcrud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot03_web_restfulcrud</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入thymeleaf -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入jquery的webjar -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
            <artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

Springboot03WebRestfulcrudApplication类：

package com.qublog.springboot03_web_restfulcrud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;

import java.util.Locale;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot03WebRestfulcrudApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot03WebRestfulcrudApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public ViewResolver myViewResolver() {
        return new MyViewResolver();
    }

    private static class MyViewResolver implements ViewResolver {
        @Override
        public View resolveViewName(String s, Locale locale) throws Exception {
            return null;
        }
    }

}

MyMvcConfig类：

package com.qublog.springboot03_web_restfulcrud.config;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

//使用WebMvcConfigurer可以来扩展springmvc功能
//由于接口有默认实现，所以可以选择的实现部分方法
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer  {

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        //功能：浏览器发送/qublog请求也来到success页面
        registry.addViewController("/qublog").setViewName("success");
    }
}

success.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>success</h2>
    <!-- th:text 将div里面的文本内容指定为后台数据 -->
    <div id="div01" class="myDiv" th:id="${hello}" th:class="${hello}" th:text="${hello}">
        123456
    </div>
    <hr/>
    <div th:text="${hello}"></div>
    <div th:utext="${hello}"></div>
    <hr/>
    <!-- th:each每次遍历都会生成当前这个标签 -->
    <h4 th:text="${user}" th:each="user:${users}"></h4>
    <hr/>
    <h4>
        <span th:each="user:${users}">[[${user}]]</span>
    </h4>

</body>
</html>

原理

1. WebMvcAutoConfiguration是springmvc的自动配置类。
2. 在做其他自动配置类时会导入：EnableWebMvcConfiguration。

	//WebMvcAutoConfiguration类中   
	@Import({WebMvcAutoConfiguration.EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class})
    @EnableConfigurationProperties({WebMvcProperties.class, ResourceProperties.class})
    @Order(0)
    public static class WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter implements WebMvcConfigurer
	
	//WebMvcAutoConfiguration类中
    @Configuration(
        proxyBeanMethods = false
    )
    public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration implements ResourceLoaderAware
  	
  	//DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration类中
  	public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();

    public DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration() {
    }

	//从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
    @Autowired(
        required = false
    )
    public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
            this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
        }

    }
	
	//DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration类中
	protected void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        this.configurers.addViewControllers(registry);
    }

	//一个参考实现，作用：将所有的WebMvcConfigurer相关配置都来一起调用
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        Iterator var2 = this.delegates.iterator();

        while(var2.hasNext()) {
            WebMvcConfigurer delegate = (WebMvcConfigurer)var2.next();
            delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
        }

    }

3. 容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurer都会一起起作用。
4. 我们的配置类（MyMvcConfig）也会被调用。

效果：springmvc的自动配置和我们的扩展配置都会起作用。

2. 全面接管springmvc

springboot对springmvc的自动配置不需要了，所有都是我们自己配。只需要在配置类中添加@EnableWebMvc即可。
示例：

package com.qublog.springboot03_web_restfulcrud.config;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

//使用WebMvcConfigurer可以来扩展springmvc功能
//由于接口有默认实现，所以可以选择的实现部分方法
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer  {

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        //功能：浏览器发送/qublog请求也来到success页面
        registry.addViewController("/qublog").setViewName("success");
    }
}

原理

//@EnableWebMvc
@Import({DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class})
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
}

//DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration类中
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport

//WebMvcAutoConfiguration类中
@Configuration(
    proxyBeanMethods = false
)
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(
    type = Type.SERVLET
)
@ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class})
//容器中没有这个组件的时候，这个自动配置类才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean({WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class})
@AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483638)
@AutoConfigureAfter({DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.class, ValidationAutoConfiguration.class})
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration

@EnableWebMvc将WebMvcConfigurationSupport组件导入进来，导入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是springmvc最基本的功能。